The Sino-Tibetan Language Family
汉藏语系的语言


  1.  Sinitic:
    1. Mandarin: Putonghua
    2. Jinyu: Taiyuan, Shenmu, Pingyao
    3. Huizhuo: Shexian, Xiuning, Jixi, Wuyuan
    4. Wu: Shanghainese, Wenzhou, Jinhua
    5. Min:
      1. Eastern Minː Fuzhou
      2. Northern Minː Chengcun
      3. Pu-Xian Minː Puxian
      4. Southern Minː Hokkienese
      5. Central MinːYongan
      6. Youxi Minː Youxi Chenguan
      7. Shunchang Minː Shunchang Chengguan
    6. Gan: Nanchang, Lichuan
    7. Hakka: Meixian, Liangcheng Hakka, Changting Hakka, Yongding Hakka, Hezhuo Bendihua
    8. Yue: Cantonese, Taishan
    9. Xiang:  Changsha,  Luodi
    10. Pinghuaː  Nanning Pinghua, Lingui Pinghua
    11. Northern Guangdong-South Hunan-Northeast Guangxi:
      1. Yuebei Tuhuaː Lianzhuo Tuhua
      2. Guibei Tuhuaː Guanyinge Tuhua, Pingsheng, Jiutuohua
    12. Junhua group:
           Huidong Pinghai Junhua
    13. Unclassified and mixed languages in Chinaː
          Daohua, Tangwanghua, Waxianghua, Wulinghua, Wutunhua
  2. Central Tibeto-Burman (中部藏缅诸语):
    1. Digarish: Digaro-Mishmi, Idu-Mishmi
    2. Hrusish: Hruso, Levai (Bangru), Miji (Dhammai / Sajolang)
    3. Keman: Zakhring (Meyor)
    4. Kho-Bwa:
          Bugun (Khowa),
      Chug (
      Chukpa), Lish ( Khispi / Lishpa), Puroik (Sulong), Sartang, Sherdukpen
    5. Lepcha: Lepcha
    6. Mijish: Miju-Mishimi (Keman-Deng)
    7. Nungishː
           Anong, Drung (Trung), Rawang (Dvru), Rawang (Krvngku), Rawang (Matwang), Rawang (Tangsar), Rawang ( Rvmol)
    8. Tani:
           Adi-Bokar,
      Adi-Galo, Apatani, Milang, Minyong, Mising, Na
      (纳语), Nyishi, Tagin
  3. Karenic (克伦语诸语):
    1. Central:
           Bwe Karen, Geba Karen, Geko Karen (Kadaw), Eastern Kayah, Western Kayah, Kawyaw (Manumanaw)
    2. Northern:
           Kayan, Lahta, Yinbaw, Yintale, Zayein
    3. Peripheralː
         
      Phrae Pwo Karen, Eastern Pwo Karen, Northern Pwo Karen, Pa'o
    4. Southern: Mobaw Karen, Paku Karen, S'gaw Karen, Wewaw (瓦乌语)
  4. Ngwi (Yi) (彝语诸语):
    1. Central:
           Hlersu, Buyuan Jinuo,
      Youle Jinuo, Kucong, Lahu, Lahu Shi, Central Lalo, Dongshanba Lalo, Eastern Lalu, Western Lalu (Eka?),
           Lamu, Lang'e, Lawu, Limi, Lipo,
      Lisu, Lolopo, Southern Lolopo, Mili, Miqie, Nusu, Sani, Talu, Tanglang, Zauzou
    2. Northern:
           Aluo, Awu, Ayizi, Chesu, Gepo, Katso, Naluo, Wemeng Nasu, Wusa Nasu, Nuosu, Samatao, Samei, Sanie, Wuding-Luquan Yi
    3. Southeastern:
           Ache, Alugu, Axi,
      Azha,
      Azhe, Bokha, Kathu, Khlula, Kua-nsi, Kuamasi, Laghuu, Mantsi, Moji, Northern Muji, Qila Muji, Southern Muji,
          
      Muzi, Nisi, Eastern Nisu, Northern Nisu, Northwestern Nisu, Southern Nisu, Southwestern Nisu, Phala, Phola, Alo Phola, Ani Phowa,
           Hlepho Phowa, Labo Phowa, Phula, Phuma, Phupa, Phupha, Phuza, Sonaga, Thopho, Zokhuo
    4. Southern:
          i.  Akeu, Akha,
      Biyo, Chepya, Côông, Enu, Hani, Honi, Kaduo, Lopi, Mpi, Muda, Paza, Phana', Sangkong, Sila
         ii. Bisoid:
      Bisu, Laomian, Phunoi, Pyen
    5. Unclassified:
           Laopang,
      Me'ang, Nesu, Sadu, Ugong
  5. Burmish (缅语诸语):
    1. Northern:
           Achang, (
      ) Hpon (庞语), Lacid (Lashi), Lhao Vo ( Maru), Pela (Bola), Xiandao (Chintau), Zaiwa (Tsaiwa)
    2. Southern:
           Burmese, Danu
      (达诺), Intha (因塔语), Marma, Rakhine, Taungyo (唐约语), Tavoyan (图瓦塔威语)
    3. Mru: Mru, Anu-Hkongso Chin
  6. Northeast Tibeto-Burman (东北部藏缅):
    1. Baiː
          Central Bai
      , Northern Bai, Southern Bai, Caijia
    2. Baimaː Baima
    3. Ersuishː Ersu, Lizu
    4. Naicː
          Namuyi, Laze, Narua (Mosso
      摩梭语), Naxi, Shuhi (Shixing)  
    5. Qiangic (羌语组诸语):
          Guiqiong, Eastern Minyag, Western Minyag (Muya), Northern Pumi, Southern Pumi,
          Northern Qiang, Southern Qiang, Queyu (Choyu), Zhaba
    6. rGyalrongic (寨嘉绒组诸语)ː
          Horpa, Jiarong,
      Khroskyabs (Lavrung), sTodsde (Shangzai上寨嘉绒语)
    7. Lamo: Lamo (Lamei)
    8. Tujiaː Northern Tujia, Southern Tujia
    9. Salː
      1. Bodo-Garo-Northern Naga (博多-嘎罗-北部那加语群):
               i.  Bodo-Garo (博多-嘎罗语组):
                   Bodoː Boro (Bodo), Deori, Dimasa, Kachari
        (卡查里语), Kok Borok, Riang (Reang), Tiperra, Tiwa, Usoi
                   Garoː Garo, Megam
        (梅嘎姆语)
                   Kochː A'tong, Koch, Rahba, Ruga
              ii. Northern Naga (北部那加语组)ː
                   Chang Naga, Chen-Kayu Naga
        , Khiamniungan Naga, Konyak Naga, Lainong NagaLao Naga, Nocte Naga,
                   Paungnyuan Naga (Makyan), Phom Naga, Ponyo-Gongwang Naga, Tutsa Naga, Wancho Naga
                   Tangshang (Tangsa) Nagaː
        Cholim Naga, Hakhun Naga, Muklom Naga,
                   Tangshang Naga (
        Mungre Naga, Shecyü Naga, Chamchang / Kimsing Naga, Mueshaungx Naga /Moshang Naga)
      2. Dhimalish: Dhimal, Toto
      3. Jingphaw-Asakia:
             i. Jingphoː Jingpho, Singpho, (
        )Taman (塔曼语), ()Turung (龙语)
            ii. Asakianː Chak, Kadu, Kanan
    10. Angami-Pochuri (安加米-波楚里那加语组
            Angami Naga, Chokri Naga, Khezha Naga, Mao Naga, Northern Rengma Naga, Pochuri Naga,
           
      Southern Rengma Naga
      (南部伦马那加语), Naga Oinam, Poumai Naga, Sumi Naga
    11. Central Naga (中部那加语组)ː Ao Naga, Lotha Naga, Sangtam Naga, Yimchungru Naga
    12. Karbiː Amri Karbi, Karbi (Mikir)
    13. Tangkhulic (坦库尔那加语组)ː Khoibu Naga, Maring Naga, Sorbung, Tangkhul Naga-India, Tangkhul Naga-Myanmar (缅甸坦库尔那加语)
    14. Unclassified:
    15. Western Naga (西部那加语组)ː Koireng, Liangmai Naga, Maram Naga, Mzieme Naga, Rongmei Naga, Thangal Naga, Zeme Naga
    16. Kuki-Chin (库基-钦):
      1. Thaiphum Chin (泰普姆钦语)
      2. Central Kuki-Chin (中部库基-钦诸语):
               i.  Ngawn Chin,Tawr Chin, Pangkhua (Pangkhu)
              ii. Lai Chin: Bawn Chin, Bongcher (Falam), Bualkhaw Chin
        (布阿尔考钦语), Falam Chin, Hakha Chin (Haka Chin), Korbong (Falam)
             iii. Mizo Chin: Biete, Hmar, Hrangkhol, Mizo, Sakachep, Syriem
      3. Maraic (马拉钦诸语):
              i. Senthang Chin, Zotung Chin
        (佐通钦语), Zyphe Chin (兹帕钦)
             ii. Mara: Lautu Chin
        (劳图钦语), Mara Chin
      4. Northwestern Kuki-Chin (西北部库基-钦诸语):
             Aimol, Anal, Chiru, Kom, Lamkang, Chothe Naga, Kharam Naga
        (卡兰那加语), Monsang Naga, Tarao Naga (塔劳那加)
      5. Peripheral Kuki-Chin (周边库基-钦诸语):
               i.  Moyon Naga, Purum, Ralte
        (拉尔特语), Simte
              ii.  Sizang: Siyin Chin
        (西因钦语), Gangte (冈特), Vaiphei, Zo (Zomi / Zou)
             
        iii.Thado: Paite Chin, Tedim Chin, Thado Chin
      6. Southern Kuki-Chin (南部库基-钦诸语):
              i. Eastern Khumi Chin, Khumi Chin, Rawngtu Chin
        (劳恩图钦), Rungtu Chin (隆图钦语), Songlai Chin (松莱钦语),
                 Sumtu Chin (
        松图钦语), Mro Khimi-Chin, Shendu (申图语)
             
        ii. Cho-Asho:
                      Asho: Asho-Chin,  Ekai Chin
        (额凯钦语), Hyow (赫尤), Laitu Chin (莱图钦)
                      Cho: Daai Chin, Kaang Chin
        (卡昂钦语), Matu Chin (马图钦语), Müün Chin, Uppu Chin
      7. Meitheiː Meitei (Meithei / Manipur)
  7. Western Tibeto-Burman (西北部藏缅诸语):
    1. Unclassified Bodishː
           Gongduk
      (贡杜克语), Lhokpu (克普语), Mechuka Memba (梅山谷-门), Kalaktang Monpa (卡拉克唐-门),
           Olekha
      (欧勒卡语), Tshangla / Dirang Monpa / Central Memba
    2. Central Bodishː
           a. Choni
      (乔尼), Tseku (切库语), Amdo Tibetan
           b. Centralː
                   Central Tibetan, Cheng Zhang Tibetan,
                     
      i. gTsang:
                          
      Dolpo, Humla
      (洪拉语), Hyolmo (Yohlmo), Jirel,  Kyerung (奇额隆), Lhomi, Lhowa (Loke),
                          
      Mugom, Nubri
      (努布里语), Sherpa, Syuba (Kagate) (修巴语 /卡加特语), Tichurong (蒂楚隆), Tsum
                     ii.  Southern:
                             
      Brokkat
      (布罗卡特语), Brokpake (布罗克帕克语), Chocangacakha (乔仓加查卡语), Dzongkha,
                              Groma
      (格洛马语), Lakha (拉卡语), Layakha (拉雅卡语), Lunanakha (鲁纳纳卡语), Sikkimese
                    iii. Western: Jad, Spiti Bhoti, Stod Bhoti
      (斯托德-博蒂)
           c.  Khamsː  Khams Tibetan
           f. Unclassifiedː Naaba
      (纳巴), Walungge (瓦隆格)
          g. Western Himalayan:
                   Balti, Changthang, Ladakhi, Purik, Zangskari
    3. East Bodishː
           a. Dakpakha
      (克帕卡语), Tawang Monpa
          
      b. Bumthangkha (本唐卡语), Chalikha (查里卡语), Dzalakha, Khengkha (肯卡语), Kurtokha (Kurtoep), Nupbikha (努普比卡语), Nyenkha
    4. West Bodishː
           a.
      Dura, Kaike
           b. Ghaleː Northern Ghale
      (北部加勒语), Southern Ghale, Kuke
           c. Gurung-Tamangː
                   i. Gurungicː
                          Chantyal, Gurung, Nar-Phu, Nyeshangte (Manangba), Seke, Thakali
                 ii. Tamangː
                         Eastern Tamang, Eastern Gorkha Tamang
      (东部戈尔卡塔芒语), Northwestern Tamang (西北塔芒语), Western Tamang
    5. West Himalayishː
           a. Almoraː  Byangsi, Chaudangsi, Darmiya,
      () Rangkas
           b. Kinnauriː
                  
      Gahri, Jangshung, Kanashi (卡纳斯语), Kinnauri, Bhoti Kinnauri (博蒂-金纳里语), Chhoyul Kinnauri  /Tukpa (图克帕),
                   Chitkuli Kinnauri,
      Pattani, Rongpo, Shumcho, Sunam
      (苏纳姆语), Tinani (梯纳尼)
    6. Himalayanː
           a. Central Himalayanː
                     i. Chepang-Bhujelː Bhujel, Chepang
                    ii. Kham-Magarː
                           Eastern Parbate Kham,  Gamale Kham, Sheshi Kham, Western Parbate Kham, Eastern Magar, Western Magar
                    iii. Newarː Kathmandu Newari, Dolakha Newari, Pahari
      (帕哈里语)
                    iv. Raute-Rajiː Raji, Raute,
      Rawati
                     v. Thangmi-Baraamuː Baraamu, Thangmi
           b. Kirantiː
                  i. Easternː
                         Athpariya, Bantawa, Belhariya, Chamling, Chhintang, Chhulung, Chukwa
      (楚克瓦语), Dungmali, Kulung, Limbu,
                         Saam / Lingkhim
      (岭基姆)/(萨姆), Lohorung (洛霍龙语), Eastern Mewahang (东部梅瓦杭语), Western Mewahang,
                       
       Mugali
      (穆加里), Nachering (纳切令), Phangduwali, Puma, Sampang, Waling (瓦灵), Yakkha,
                        
      Chhathare Yakka
      (查塔勒雅卡), Lumba-Yakkha (隆巴-雅卡语) / Mareke Yakkha, Yamphu, Southern Yamphu (南部雅姆普语)
                 ii. Westernː
                          Bahing, Dumi, Duleli, Jerung, Khaling, Koyee / Koyi, Sunwar, Thulung, Tilung, Wambule, Wayu

    注明:以上一些语言分类是按照 "26th Ethnologue "的分类,国际对此分类上有差别 维基百科汉语族 (或汉语语族、汉白语族)为汉藏语系的一支。
    关于其所包含的语言种类,在语言学界主要有两种不同观点:一种认为汉语族只有汉语一种语言;另一种认为汉语族包含官话、湘语、赣语、吴语、闽语、
    粤语、客家话七大语言
    (或加上晋语、徽语、广西平话),其中「闽语」实际上是闽语支,其下分闽南语、​​闽东语、闽北语、闽中语和莆仙语等互不相通
    的语言。前一种将官话、湘语、赣语、吴语、闽语、粤语、客家话等视为汉语的方言;后一种则认为汉语族包含了数种互相关联又各自独立的亲属语言。
    此外,有说法主张白语
    (白族的语言)也属于汉语族,因此亦称汉白语族。

    注明:语言名称和语言组名称之前面有一个匕首 (†)号的是已经灭绝的语言


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