Language name and location: Bantawa, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 班塔瓦语, 尼泊尔东部戈斯省, 锡金, 印度及不丹

1. ɨk-

2. hwa- alsoː hɨwa

3. sum-ka-

4. lek-ka-

5. cʰuk-ka- (litː ''cʰuk' = hand )

6. sek-ka-

7. rek-ka-  ? questionable

8. lek-ka-

9. nu-ka-

10. ina-nam-

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Marius Doornenbal. Leiden University Center

for Linguistics, Netherlands, July 3, 2010.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Marius Doornenbal. 2010 年 7 月 3 日.

Other comments: The Bantawa numeral system is hopelessly defective, as it is under great pressure from Nepali, which is invariably used in trading contacts of any nature with neighboring people. However, the numerals up to three are widely used in preference to Nepali numerals and many people, even young people, will have an

idea of what four and five is in Bantawa. For numbers over five no consistent number system can be elicited. In the noun phrase, numerical or other quantification takes the first slot in the order of things. Numbers require the presence of qualifiers or classifiers. Classifiers are the counters that are used to define the unit of counting in the domain to which the head noun refers. Classifiers signal the semantic type of noun if it is individuated and therefore, classifiers put the nouns into classes. Classes are purely intuitive and if one knows the meaning of a word, by inference via the taxonomy of things, one can establish the classifier of choice. The properly quantified noun phrase then has the syntax: numeral-classifier (modifiers) noun (suffixes). All numbers over two may take the counter <-ka> (CNT), and numbers over three do so obligatorily. Although this morpheme has no obvious function, it is a productive suffix in the sense that also Nepali loan numerals get the affix. The counter suffix <-ka> cannot fruitfully be reduced to an incidental lexical regularity. nəu-ka-paŋ mɨna nine (N)-CNT-qhum manː  ‘nine people’.

Language name and location: Bantawa, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 班塔瓦语, 尼泊尔东部戈斯省, 锡金, 印度及不丹

1. ɔk

21.  

2. hɔwa

22.  

3. sum

23.  

4. lu

24.  

5. ŋa

25. 

6. t̪uk

26.  

7. e

27.  

8. re

28.  

9. bʰɔu

29.  

10. pɔu

30.  sukki

11. pɔu ɔk

40.  lukki

12. pɔu hɔwa

50.  ŋakki 

13. pɔu sum

60.  t̪ukki

14. pɔu lu

70.  ekki

15. pɔu ŋa

80.  rekki

16. pɔu t̪uk

90.  bʰɔukki

17. pɔu e

100.  

18. pɔu re

200.  

19. pɔu bʰɔu

1000.  

20. hit͡ʃi

2000.  

Linguist providing data and dateː Prof. Udaya Singh and Linguistic and Cultural Documentation team, Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore, India, December 22, 2008.

提供资料的语言学家: Prof. Udaya Singh and his term members, 2008 年 12 月 22 日.

Other comments: Bantawa dialect in Sikkim has a decimal system.  

Language name and location: Bantawa, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 班塔瓦语, 尼泊尔东部戈斯省, 锡金, 印度及不丹

1. ʉkʈa

21.  ekkais

2. hʉsaʈ

22.  bais

3. sumkaʈaʈ

23.  teis

4. reʈkaʈaʈ

24.  caubis

5. ʉkchuk ( litː 'one hand')

25.  paccis

6. ʉkchuk ʉkʈa (lit: 'one hand and one')

26.  chabbis

7. ʉkchuk hʉsaʈ  (lit: one hand and two)

27.  satais

8. ʉkchuk sumkaʈaʈ 

28.  aththais

9. ʉkchuk reʈkaʈaʈ nau

29.  unantīs

10. hʉachuk ( litː ''two hands'')

30.  tis

11. eghar

40.  calīs

12. bara

50.  pacas 

13. tera

60.  sathi

14. caudha

70.  sattari

15. sumkachuk (lit: 'two hands')

80.  asi

16. sora

90.  nabbe

17. satra

100. ʉkbhuŋ / sau / sae 

18. athara

200. dui sau (sae) 

19. unnais

1000. ʉɡhakma (i.e. big hundred) hajar 

20. cuppabhuŋ (litː 'small hundred')

2000. dui hajar 

Linguist providing data and dateː Prof. Jadranka Gvozdanović, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands, July 18, 1994.

提供资料的语言学家: Prof. Jadranka Gvozdanović, 1994 年 7 月 18 日.

Other comments: The dialect of Bantawa in Nepal has a five-based system. Some informants use four hands 'reʈkachuk' to express 'twenty'.