Kurtokha / Kurtoep

Language name and location: Kurtokha, Lhuentse district, Bhutan [Ref to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 库尔托普语 (Kurtoep), 不丹东北部伦奇宗地区

1. tʰéː	21. kʰédìtʰéː ~ ŋiço tsací < Dzongkha
2. zòn	22. kʰédìzòn ~ tsɑŋí
3. súm	23. kʰédìsúm ~ tsɑsum
4. blè ~ brè	24. kʰédìblè ~ kʰédìbrè ~ tsɑçi
5. jɑ̀ŋɑ́	25. kʰédìjɑ̀ŋɑ́ ~ tsɑŋa
6. ɖò	26. kʰédìɖò ~ tsɑɖu
7. nís	27. kʰédìnís ~ tsadun
8. ɟɑ̀t	28. kʰédìɟɑ̀t ~ tsɑɡæ
9. dòɡò	29. kʰédìdòɡò ~ tsɑɡu
10. cʰé	30. kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋzòn ~ sumcu < Dzongkha
11. cʰɑ́urì	40. kʰézòn ( 20 x 2) ~ çipcu
12. cʰɑ́unì	50. kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋzùm ~ ŋɑ́pcu < Dzongkha
13. cʰɑ́súm	60. kʰésùm (20 x 3) ~ ɖukcu
14. cʰéblè ~ cʰébrè	70. kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋblè ~ duncu < Dzongkha
15. cʰéŋɑ̀	80. kʰéblè ~ kʰébrè (20 x 4) ~ ɡepcu
16. cʰéɖò	90. kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋjɑ̀ŋɑ̀ ~ ɡupcu < Dzongkha
17. cʰítní	100. kʰéjɑ̀ŋɑ̀ ~ ɟɑ tʰéː ~ cíkɟɑ̀
18. cʰérɟɑ̀t	200. kʰécʰé ~ ɲìɟɑ̀ < Dzongkha
19. cʰédòɡò	1000. tóŋʈʰɑ́ tʰéː ~ cíktóŋ < Dzongkha
20. kʰédì ~ ŋiço(tʰɑmbɑ) < Dzongkha	2000. tóŋʈʰɑ́ zòn ~ ŋìktóŋ ~ ŋìtóŋ

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Gwendolyn Hyslop, Department of Linguistics, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA. October 9, 2006. March 18, 2008.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Gwendolyn Hyslop, 2006 年 10 月 9 日, 2008 年 3 月 18 日.

Other comments: Kurtoep has an indigenous vigesimal system. However, from 20 beyond, speakers may use the Kurtoep numerals or the Dzhongkha numerals, but the informant said that only uneducated Kurtoep speakers use traditional numerals beyond twenty. The formations for traditional Kurtoep tens are similar to those of Tshangla (Motuo-Menba). The forms cíkɟɑ̀, ɲìɟɑ̀, and ɲìtóŋ are borrowings from Dzongkha. ɲìktóŋ is a Kurtöp innovation, based on analogy with the Dzongkha forms for ‘100’, ‘200’ and ‘1,000’.

Kurtokha or Kurtoep is spoken by approximately 15,000 speakers in

Lhuentse district: bounded by Kurichhu river east and north, Tangmachhu village south, and Rudong La pass west, Bhutan.

Kurtöp Phonemic Chart:

Consonants:

	labial	dental	retroflex	palatal	velar
stops	p, pʰ, b	t, tʰ, d	ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖ	c, cʰ, ɟ	k, kʰ, g
affricates		ts, tsʰ
fricatives		s, z		ç
nasals	m	n		ɲ	ŋ
laterals		l, ɬ
rhotics		r
glides	w			j
aspirates					h

Vowels: i, y, e, ø, u, o, ɑ

Tones: high and low, contrastive on first syllables following sonorant consonants only

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