The Indo-European Language Family

印欧语系的语言

  1. Armenian 亚美尼亚语族: Armenian, Western Armenian (西部亚美尼亚语), Zok Armenian (佐克亚美尼亚语) 
  2. Indo-Iranian 印度-伊朗语族:
            1.Indo-Aryan     印度-雅利安语支:
              a. Sinhalese-Maldivian     僧伽罗-马尔代夫语组:
                      Maldivian, Sinhalese    , Vedda
              b. Northwestern zone     西北区印度-雅利安诸语:
                    i. Dardic     达尔德语组:
                           Kohistani:
                                Bateri,     Chilisso    (奇利索语), Degano (德格诺语) (Wotapuri-Katarqalai 沃塔普里语-卡塔尔喀莱语), Gawri (Kalami), Gowro,
                                Indus Kohistani (    Maiya), Mankiyali    , Tirahi (    蒂勒希语), Torwali
                           Chitral: Kalasha, Khowar
                           Kunar:
                                   Dameli, Gawar-Bati, Grangali (    格兰加里语), Northeast Pashai, Northwest Pashai, Southeast Pashai, Southwest Pashai,
                                   Shumashti (舒马斯梯    语)
                           Shina:
                                Brokskat,     Kalkoti, Kundal Shahi, Phalura, Savi, Shina, Kohistani Shina, Ushojo
                           Kashmiri: Kashimri, Poguli     (    普古里语)
                    ii. Western Panjabi:
                                 Northern Hindko, Southern Hindko, Inku (    印库语), Khetrani (克特拉尼语), Pahari-Potwari, Western Punjabi, Siraiki
                   iii. Sindhi:     Jadgali (    贾德加里语), Kachchi, Lasi (腊斯语), Lawatiyya (拉瓦蒂雅语)/ Luwati (鲁瓦蒂语), Kholosi (科罗斯语),
                                       Sindhi, Sindhi Bhil (    信德比尔语)
              c. Central zone     中区印度-雅利安诸语:
                    i. Bhili: 
                               Palya Bareli, Pauri Bareli (    鲍里语), Rathwi Bareli, Bauria, Bhili, Chodri, Bhilali (比拉里语), Dhodia (多迪亚语), Dubli (杜布里语),
                           Dungra Bhil    , Gamit (    加米特语), Adiwasi Garasia (阿迪瓦斯-加拉西亚语), Kotvala (科特瓦拉语), Rajput Garasia, Mawchi (茂奇语),
                               Nahali (    纳哈利语), Noiri (诺伊里语), Pardhi, Rathawi /Rathwi (拉塔维语), Wagdi
                   ii. Dom:     Domari
                  iii. Gujarati:
                              Aer (埃尔    语), Gujarati, Jandavra (赞达夫拉语), Kachi Koli, Parkari Koli, Wadiyara Koli (瓦迪雅拉科里语), Saurashtra,
                          Vaghri (    瓦戈里语), Vasavi
                  iv. Khandeshi:     Ahirani, Dhanki (    丹基语), Khandeshi
                   v. Punjabi:     Eastern Punjabi
                  vi. Rajastani: 
                           Marwari:
                                Dhatki, Dhundari, Goaria( 瓜里亚    语), Godwari (戈德瓦里语), Jogi (乔吉语), Loarki (洛亚基语), Marwari (India),
                                    Marwari (Pakistan), Merwari (    梅尔瓦里语), Mewari, Shekhawati
                           Unclassified:
                                Bagri, Gujari    , Gurgula (    古尔古拉语), Harauti (Horoti), Lamani (Lambadi), Gade Lohar, Malvi, Nimadi (尼马迪语)
                 vii. Romani: 
                           Balkan: Balkan Romani,     Zargari
                           Northern:     Baltic Romani, Carpathian Romani, Kalo Finnish Romani, Sinte Romani,     †Welsh Romani
                           Vlax:     Vlax Romani
                viii. Unclassified:      
                               Mewati (    梅瓦蒂语), Parya, Sonha (松哈语), Dangaura Tharu, Kathoriya Tharu
                  ix. Western Hindi: 
                                Bundeli (    本德里语)
                            Hidustani: Hindi, Urdu
                                Sansi:  Kabutra (    卡布特拉语), Sansi (桑斯语)
                                Unclassified:
                                 Bhaya (    巴雅语), Braj Bhasha (布莱巴萨语), Chamari, Ghera (格拉语), Gowli (戈里语), Haryanvi, Kanauji (卡瑙基语)  
                   x. Domaaki:     Dumaaki, Powari (    波瓦里语)
              d. East-Central zone     东中区印度-雅利安诸语:
                           Awadhi, Bagheli (    巴格里语), Chhattisgarhi, Hindi,  Fiji Hindi, Kamar (卡马尔语), Surgujia
              e. Eastern zone     东区印度-雅利安诸语:
                     i. Bengali-Assamese: 
                            Assamese, Bengali,     Bishnupriya, Chakma, Chittagonian (    吉大港语), Hajong, Halbi, Kewat (科瓦特语),
                            Kharia Thar (    卡里亚塔尔语), Kurmukar (库尔穆卡尔语), Lodhi,  Mal Paharia (马尔-帕哈里亚语),  
                                Mirgan (米尔甘    语), Nahari (纳哈力语), Rajbanshi, Rangpuri (朗普里语), Rohingya, Sylhetti (西赫梯语), Tangchangy
                    ii. Bihari: 
                               Bhojpuri, Sarnami Hindustani (    苏里南印度斯坦语), Gojapuri, Kudmali (库德马里语), Magahi, Maithili, Majhi (迈希语),
                               Musasa (    穆萨萨语), Panchpargania (潘奇帕尔加尼亚语), Sadri, Oraon Sadri (奥拉昂萨达里语), Surjapuri (苏尔贾普里语)
                  iii. Oriya: 
                               Bhatri (    巴特里语), Bhunjia (本贾语), Bodo Parja, Desiya, Kupia, Odia (Oriya), Reli (勒里语), Sambalpuri
                  iv. Unclassified: 
                               Angika (    安吉卡语), Bote-Majhi (博特迈希语), Buksa (布克萨语), Degaru (德贾鲁语), Madhya Ksetriya Tharu (Chitwan Tharu),
                               Madhya-Purbiya Tharu (Kochila Tharu)(    马迪雅-普尔比亚塔鲁语    ), Rana Tharu
              f. Northern zone     北区印度-雅利安诸语:
                    i. Eastern Pahari: Dotyali     (    多梯亚里语), Jumli (琼里语), Nepali, Palpa (帕尔帕语)
                   ii. Garhwari:     Garhwari, Bangani
                  iii. Kumauni:     Kumauni
                  iv. Western Pahari: 
                                Bhadrawahi (    巴德拉瓦希语), Bhattiyali (巴梯亚里语), Bilaspuri (比拉斯普里语), Chambeali (昌贝阿里语),
                            Churahi (    楚拉希语), Dogri, Gaddi (贾迪语), Hinduri (欣杜里语), Jaunsari, Kangri, Kinnauri Pahari,
                            Mandeali, Kullu Pahari, Mahasu Pahari (    马哈苏-帕哈里语), Pangwali, Sirmauri (斯尔茂里语)
              h. Southern zone     南区印度-雅利安诸语: 
                    Marathi: Marathi
                    Konkani: Katkari (    卡特卡里语), Konkani, Goan Konkani (果阿孔卡尼语), Kukna, Phudagi (普达吉语), Samvedi (桑维蒂语),
                    Varli, Bhalay(    巴莱语), Deccan, Gowlan (戈兰语), Varhadi-Nagpuri (瓦尔哈迪-纳格普里语)
              i. Unclassified     未分类印度-雅利安诸语: 
                         Andh (    安德赫语), Chinali, Danuwar (达努瓦里语), Darai, Dewes Rai (德维斯莱语), Kanjari (坎贾里语), Kumal (库马尔语),
                     Lahul Lohar (    拉胡尔洛哈尔语), Memoni (梅莫尼语), Oadki (Od), Vaagri Booli
    3.Nuristani 努里斯坦    语支: Ashkun, Kamviri, Kati, Prasuni, Tregami (    特雷加米语), Waigali (Kalasha-ala)
    4.Iranian     伊朗语支:
          a. Northeastern     东北伊朗语组: Ossetic, Yaghnobi
          b. Southeastern     东南伊朗语组:
                  i. Pamir     帕米尔高原伊朗诸语: 
                         Ishkashmi,     Munji, Sanglechi (    桑勒奇    语), Sarikoli, Shughni, Wakhi, Yazgulyam (Yazgulami), Yadgha (Yidgha )
                 ii. Pashto:
                             Central Pashto, Northern Pashto(    北部普什图语), Southern Pashto, Waneci (瓦内茨语)
          c. Northwestern     西北伊朗语组:
                  i. Balochi: 
                         Eastern Balochi     (东部俾路支    语), Southern Balochi, Western Balochi (西部俾路支语), Bashkardi (巴斯卡尔迪语), Koroshi
                 ii. Caspian: Gilaki, Mazanderani,     Shahmirzadi
                iii. Central Iranian:
                             Ashtiani (    阿什梯安语), Gazi (贾兹语), Jowshaqani (乔沙喀尼语), Khunsari (昆萨里语), Natanzi (纳坦兹语), Parsi-Dari (帕尔斯达里语),
                         Parsi (帕尔斯    语), Sivandi (斯凡迪语), Soi (索伊语), Vafsi, Zoroastrian Dari
                iv. Kurdish:
                             Central Kurdish, Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji), Southern Kurdish (    南部库尔德语), Laki
                 v. Ormuri-Parachi: Ormuri, Parachi
                iv. Semnani:
                             Lasgerdi (    拉斯格尔迪语), Sangisar, Semnani, Sorkhei (索尔赫伊语)
               iiv. Talysh:
                             Alviri-Vidari (阿尔维里-维达里    语), Eshtehardi (埃斯特哈尔迪语), Gozarkhani (戈扎尔坎语), Harzani, Kabatei (卡巴特伊语),
                         Kajali (    卡贾里语), Karingani, Kho'ini (科伊因语), Koresh-e Rostam (科雷斯埃-罗斯塔姆语), Maraghei (马拉格伊语),
                         Razajerdi (    拉扎吉尔迪语), Rudbari (鲁德巴里语), Shahrudi (沙赫鲁迪语), Takestani (塔克斯坦语), Talysh,
                             Upper Taromi (上部塔罗米    语)
              iiiv. Zaza-Gorani:
                            Bajelani (    巴杰兰语), Gurani (古拉尼语), Sarli (萨尔里语), Shabak (沙巴克语), Northern Zazaki (北部扎扎基语 /Kirmanjki 基尔马尼基语
                            Southern Zazaki (Dimli)
          d. Southwestern     西南伊朗语组:
                 i. Fars:     Southwestern Fars, Lari
                ii. Luri:     Bakhtiari, Kumzari, Northern Luri, Southern Luri
              iii. Persian: 
                          Aimaq (    艾马克语), Bukharic (布卡里克语), Dari, Dehwari (德赫瓦里语), Dzhidi (德芝迪语), Western Farsi (Persian), Hazaragi,
                      Pahlavani (    帕拉瓦语), Tajiki
               iv. Tati:     Judeo-Tat, Muslim Tat
          e. Unclassified:     Badesh (    巴德斯语)
  3. Albanian 阿尔巴尼亚语族:
            1. Gheg: Gheg Albanian (盖格阿尔巴尼亚语)
        2. Tosk: Arbëreshë Albanian     (阿尔伯雷什阿尔巴尼亚语), Arvantika Albanian (阿尔瓦尼蒂卡阿尔巴尼亚语),Tosk     Albanian (托斯克阿尔巴尼亚语)
  4. Greek 希腊语族:
            1. Attic: Cappadocian Greek (卡帕多西亚    希腊语), Greek (希腊语), †Ancient Greek (古代希腊语), Pontic Greek (本都希腊语)
        2. Doric: Tsakonian     (    特萨科尼恩希腊语)
  5. Italic 意大利语族:
       1.Latin:     Latin
       2.Eastern Romance     东部    罗曼语支: 
               Rumanian    , Istro-    Romanian, Aromanian (Macedo-Romanian), Megleno-Romanian
          3.Italo-Western 意大利-西部罗曼语支:
              a. Italo-Dalmatian:
                      Istriot,     Italian, Judeo-Italian (    犹太意大利语), Napoletano-Calabrese, Sicilian
              b. Western:
                    i. Gallo-Iberian:
                           Gallo-Romance:
                               Gallo-Italian:  Emiliano, Ligurian, Lombard, Piedmontese, Romagnol     (    罗马涅语) Venetian
                               Gallo-Rhaetian:
                                        Oïl:
                                         French, Cajun French     (    卡津法语/路易斯安那法语) , Jèrriais (泽西法语 / 耶里亚斯法语), Picard, Walloon
                                         Southeastern: Arpitan / Provençal     (阿尔卑坦语 /     法兰科普罗旺斯语)
                                    Rhaetian: Friulian, Ladin, Romansch
                   ii. Iberian-Romance:
                            East Iberian:     Catalan
                            Oc: Occitan, Shuadit     (苏阿迪特    语) / Judeo-Provençal (犹太-法兰科普罗旺斯语)
                            West Iberian:
                                 Asturo-Leonese: Asturian, Mirandese     (    米兰德斯语)
                                 Castilian:     Extremaduran, Ladino, Spanish, Charapa Spanish (恰拉帕西班牙语)
                                     Portuguese-    Galician: Fala, Galician, Minderico (明德里科语), Portuguese  
                   ii. Pyrenean-Mozarabic: Aragonese
       4.Southern     南部罗曼语支:
                   a. Corsican: Corsican
               b. Sardinian:      Campidanian Sardinian, Gadduresu Sardinian, Logudorese Sardinian, Sassaresu Sardinian  
  6. Celtic 凯尔特语族:
        1.    Brythonic 布里索尼语支: Breton, Cornish, Welsh
        2.    Goidelic 戈伊迪语支: Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx
  7. Germanic 日耳曼语族:
        1.West 西部日耳曼    语    支    :
               a. English: English    , Modern Scots
               b. Frisian: Western Frisian, Northern Frisian,     Sater Frisian
                   c. High German:
                           Standard German, Yiddish, Upper Saxon, Lower Silesian,  Luxembourgish, Mainfränkisch    , Limburgisch, Pennsylvania German,
                       Palatinate Frankish (Pfaelzisch)    , Cologne Ripuarian (Kölsch), Swiss Alemanic ( Schwyzerdütsch), Swabian,  Walser, Bavarian, 
                           Cimbrian, Hutterite German, Mócheno
               d.     Low Saxon-Low Franconian:
                           Afrikaans, Dutch, Western Flemish (Vlaams), Zeelandic (Zeeuws), Low Saxon, Achterhoeks Low Saxon, Groningen Low Saxon (Drents),
                           Mennonite Low Saxon (Plautdietsch), Gronings, Twents Low Saxon, Veluws Low Saxon, Sallands Low Saxon, Stellingwerven Low Saxon,
                           Westphalian Low Saxon, Eastphalian Low Saxon, Eastern Frisian
        2.North 北    部日耳曼语支:
               a. East Scandinavian:     Danish, Norwegian, Övdalian (奥夫达利安语) / Elfdalian ( 埃尔夫达利安语), Swedish
               b. West Scandinavian:     Farorese, Icelandic
  8. Balto-Slavic 波罗的海-斯拉夫语族:
        1.Baltic 波罗的海语支: 
              a. Eastern: Latgalian (    拉特加莱语), Latvian, Lithuanian, Samogitian (萨莫吉提亚语)
              b. Western:     †Prussian (普鲁士语)
        2.Slavic     斯拉夫语支:
              a. East 东部    斯拉夫语组:
                       Belarusian, Rusinian, Russian, Ukrainian
              b. South 南部    斯拉夫语组:
                        i. Eastern: Bulgarian, Macedonian,      †Church Slovinic (教会斯拉夫语), Slovene
                       ii. Western:     Bosnian (波斯尼亚语), Chakavian (查卡维雅语), Croatian (克罗地亚语), Montenegrin  (蒙特内哥罗语 / 黑山语),
                           Serbian, Slavomolisano     (莫利塞斯拉夫语)
                 c. West 西部斯拉夫语组:  
                        i. Czech-Slovak: Czech, Slovak
                       ii. Lechtic: Kashubian, Polish,     Silesian (西里西亚语)
                      iii. Sorbian: Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian

   注明：语言名称和语言组名称之前面有一个匕首 （†）号的是已经灭绝的语言

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