The Nilo-Saharan Languages


  1. Bertaː Berta
  2. Central Sudanic:
    1. East:
      1. Lenduː Lendu, Ndrulo, Ngiti
      2. Mangbetuː Asoa, Lombi, Mangbetu
      3. Mangbutu-Efeː Bendi, Efe, Lese, Mamvu, Mvuba, Kebu (Ndo)
      4. Moru-Madiː
              i. Centralː Aringa, Avokaya, Keliko (Kaliko), Logo, Lugbara, Omi
             ii. Northernː Moru
            iii. Southernː Olu'bo,
        Ma'di
        , Southern Ma'di
    2. West:
      1. Bongo-Bagirmiː
              i. Bongo-Bakaː
                     Baka, Bongo, Jur Modo, Beli,
        Mittu, Mo'da, Morokodo, Nyamsa-Molo
             ii. Karaː
        Furu (Bagiro), Gula (Goula), Yulu
            iii. Sara-Bagirmi:
                    
        Birri, Fongoro
                     Bagirmiː
                          Bagirmi,
        Berakou, Gula (Sara Goula), Fer, Jaya, Kenga, Morom, Naba
                     Saraː
                          Sara Properː
                           
           Bedjond, Dagba, Gor, Gulay, Horo, Kabba, Laka, Mango, Mbay, Ngam, Ngambay, Sar
                             
        Sara Kaba:
        Kaba Démé Sara
        , Kaba Naa Sara, Kufla, Sara Kaba
                          Valeː Vale, Lutos
            iv. Sinyarː Sinyar
      2. Kreshː Aja, Gbaya (Kresh)
  3. Eastern Sudanic:
    1. Eastern:
      1. Eastern Jebelː
              i. Aka-Kelo-Moloː
        Aka (
        Sillok), Kelo, Molo (Malkan)
             ii. Gaamː Gaahmg (Tabi)
      2. Naraː Nara
      3. Nubianː
              i. Central Nibian:
                    
        Andaandi (Dongolawi), Birked, Mattoki (Kenzi)
                     Hill Nubian:
                         Kadaru-Ghulfan: Ghulfan, Kadaru
                         Unclassified:
        Dair, Dilling, El Hugeirat, Karko, Wali
             ii. Northernː
        Nobiin
            iii. Southernː Midob
      4. Surmicː
              i. Northː Majang
             ii. Southː
                     Southeastː
                          Kwegu,
        Me'en,
        Mursi, Tirmaga-Chai-Suri
                     Southwestː
                          Didinga, Kacipo-Bale-Suri, Narim (Laarim), Ngaalam, Murle, Tennet
    2. Kuliak:
      1. Ikː Ik
      2. Ngangea-Soː Nyang’i, Soo
    3. Niloticː
      1. Easternː
              i. Bariː Bari, Kakwa,
        Kukú, Mandari
             ii. Lotuxo-Tesoː
                     Lotuxo-Maaː
                          Lotuxoː
                              Dongotono, Imotong, Lango (Lokwa), Logir, Lokoya, Lopit, Okolle, Otuho (Lotoho)

                          Ongamo-Maaː
                               Maasai,
        Ngasa, Samburu
                     Teso-Turkanaː
                          Tesoː Ateso
                          Turkanaː
                             
        Ng’akarimojong (Karamojong), Nyangatom, Toposa, Turkana
      2. Southernː
              i. Kalenjinː
                     Elgonː Kupsabiiny (Sebei)
        , Sabaot
                     Nandi-Marakwetː
                          Kipsigis: Kipsigis
                          Marakwetː
        Cherang'any
        , Marakweeta (Endo)
                          Nandiː
                              Keiyo, Kisankasa, Nandi, Terik, Tugen
                      Okiekː Okiek (Akie)
                      Pokotː Pökoot (Suk)

             ii. Tatogaː
        Omotik, Datooga
      3. Westernː
              i. Dinka-Nuerː
                     Dinkaː
                          South Central Dinka, Southwestern Dinka, Northeastern Dinka, Northwestern Dinka,
                          Southeastern Dinka
                     Nuerː Reel, Nuer
             ii. Luoː
                    Northernː
                        Anuak,
        Belanda Bor, Luwo
                        Mabaan-Burun:
                             Burun: Burun
                             Mabaan: Jumjum, Mabaan
                        Shilluk, Thuri
                       
        Unclassified: Päri
                    Southernː
                         Jopadhola (Adhola), Kumam
                        Luo-Acholi:
                            Alur-Acholi:
                               Alur, Thur (Lëb Thur)
                            Lango-Acholi: Acholi, Lango (Leb Lango)
                            Luo: Dholuo (Luo)
    4. Western:
      1. Dajuː
              i. Eastern Dajuː
        Logorik
        (Liguri Daju), Shatt (Shatt Damam)
             ii. Western Dajuː
                     
        Baygo, Dar Fur Daju, Dar Sila Daju, Dar Daju, Njagulgule
      2. Nyimangː Afitti, Ama (Nyimang)
      3. Tamaː
              i. Mararitː Mararit (Maralet)
             ii. Tama-Sungorː
        Assangori (Sungor)
        , Tama
      4. Temeinː Tese, Temein
  4. Komuzː
    1. B'aga (Gumuzoid): Daats'iin, Gumuz
    2. Koman: Gule, Komo, Kwama, Opo (T'apo /Opuuo), Uduk
  5. Kunamaː Kunama
  6. Maban:
    1. Karanga: Karanga
    2. Mabang:
      1. Kendeje: Kendeje
      2. Maba: Maba, Marfa
      3. Masalit: Masalit, Massalat
      4. Runga-Kibetː Kibet, Runga
      5. Surbakhalː Surbakhal
  7. Saharan:
    1. Easternː Berti, Zaghawa
    2. Western:
      1. Kanuri: Kanembu, Bilma Kanuri, Manga Kanuri, Tumari Kanuri, Yerwa Kanuri (Central Kanuri), Tarjumo
      2. Tebu: Dazaga, Tedaga
  8. Songhai:
    1. Korandje: Korandje
    2. Northernː Tadaksahak, Tasawaq
    3. Southernː Dendi, Humburi Senni Songhay, Koyra Chini Songhay, Koyraboro Senni Songhay, Tondi Songway Kiini, Zarma
  9. Unclassifiedː Kanga, Katcha-Kadugli-Miri, Keiga, Krongo, Tulishi, Tumtum
  10. Furː Amdang, Fur

 Note:  Languages and language groups preceded by a dagger (†) are extinct or nearly extinct.


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