Language name and location: Majang, Oromiyaa, Ethiopia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 马扬语, 埃塞俄比亚中南部与南苏丹交界的奥罗米亚州

 

1. òmóŋ ~ òm

21.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à òmóŋ

2. pɛ́ɛ́jǃ *

22.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à pɛ́ɛ́jǃ

3. ɟíítǃ   

23.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à ɟíítǃ

4. àŋàn

24.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à àŋàn

5. tùùl

25.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à tùùl

6. tùùl à òm    (5+1)

26.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à tùùl à òm

7. tùùl à pɛ́ɛ́jǃ  (5+2)

27.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à tùùl à pɛ́ɛ́jǃ

8. tùùl à ɟíítǃ    (5+3)

28.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à tùùl à ɟíítǃ

9. tùùl à àŋàn  (5+4)

29.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à tùùl à àŋàn

10. áárŋǃ

30.  rùùmɛr íɗítǃ à áárŋǃ (20+10)

11. áárŋ à òmóŋ

40.  pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ pɛ́ɛ́jkǃ (20 x 2)

12. áárŋ à pɛ́ɛ́jǃ

50.  pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ pɛ́ɛ́jkǃ à áárŋǃ

13. áárŋ à ɟíítǃ

60.  pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ ɟíítíkǃ (20 x 3)

14. áárŋ à àŋàn

70.  pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ ɟíítíkǃ à áárŋǃ

15. áárŋ à tùùl

80.  pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ àŋàŋk  (20 x 4)

16. áárŋ à tùùl à òm

90.  pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ àŋàŋk à áárŋǃ

17. áárŋ à tùùl à pɛ́ɛ́jǃ

100. ɗíbɛ́ǃ* / pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ tùùl (20 x 5)

18. áárŋ à tùùl à ɟíítǃ

200. ɗibɛ́ɛ̀ pɛ́ɛ́jǃ /pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ ɟóóǃ áárŋǃ

19. áárŋ à tùùl à àŋàn

1000. kúmɛ́ǃ *

20. rùùmɛr íɗítǃ (litː 'complete person')

2000. kúmɛ́ǃ pɛ́ɛ́jǃ

 

Linguist providing data and dateː Ms. Sandra Hufnagel and Dr. Andreas Joswig, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Ethiopia. May 9, 2011.

提供资料的语言学家: Ms. Sandra Hufnagel and Dr. Andreas Joswig. 2011 年 5 月 9 日.

 

Other comments: Majang is spoken by approximately 30,000 speakers in Gambela and Oromia regions; Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ region: a long, narrow belt east of Gambela, and south of Guraferda, Ethiopia. Majang has a courting system based on twenty with a five-based substructure. rùùmɛr íɗítǃ literally means 'complete person', pɔ́lpɔ́lɛ́ǃ means 'fingers'. ɟóóǃ goes back to ɟóópǃ, the plural of íɗítǃ 'person'. The variation for 100 and 200 (all the numbers in between) is dialectal. The numbers 100 'ɗíbɛ́ǃ' and 1000 'kúmɛ́ǃ' are borrowing from one of nearby Cushitic language.

Majang Phonemic Chart:

Consonantsː

 

Labial

Alveolar

Palatal

Velar

Stops

p, b

  t,d

 c, ɟ

k, ɡ

Implosives

    ɓ

    ɗ

    

Nasals

   m

   n

  ɲ

   ŋ

Trill

 

    r

  

 

Lateral

 

     l

  

 

Approximants

w

 

j

  

 

Notesː /c/ is either pronounced as [s] or [ʃ], but sometimes also as [t͡ʃ], all in free

variation. /ɟ/ is mostly pronounced as [d͡ʒ], but sometimes also as [ʒ].

Vowelsː

 

Front

Central

Back

High

     i

  

   u

High-Mid

     e

 

   o

Low-Mid

     ɛ

   

   ɔ

Low

  

    a

  

Tonesː

Majang has low and high tones, in the data [resented here /ǃ/ indicates a

floating low tone which would cause downstep on a following high tone.

Language name and location: Majang, Oromiyaa, Ethiopia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 马扬语, 埃塞俄比亚中南部与南苏丹交界的奥罗米亚州

 

1. oˈmʊŋ

21.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a oˈmʊŋ

2. pʰɛɛj

22.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˈpʰɛɛj

3. d͡ʒiitʰ

23.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˈd͡ʒiitʰ

4. ˈaŋan

24.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˈʔaŋan

5. tʰuul

25.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˈtʰuul

6. tʰuula ʔom  (5+1)

26.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˌtʰuula ˈʔom

7. tʰuula pʰɛɛj (5+2)

27.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˌtʰuula ˈpʰɛɛj

8. tʰuula d͡ʒiitʰ (5+3)

28.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˌtʰuula ˈd͡ʒiitʰ

9. tʰuula aŋan  (5+4)

29.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˌtʰuula ˈaŋan

10. ˈaarin

30.  ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ a ˈaarin ( 20 + 10)

11. ˈaarin a oˈmʊŋ

40.  ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo ˈpʰɛɛjkʰ  ( 20 x 2 )

12. ˈaarin a ˈpʰɛɛj

50.  ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo ˈpʰɛɛjkʰ a ˈaarin

13. ˈaarin a ˈd͡ʒiitʰ

60.  ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo ˈd͡ʒiitʰikʰ ( 20 x 3 )

14. ˈaarin a ˈaŋan

70.  ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo ˈd͡ʒiitʰikʰ a ˈaarin

15. ˈaarin a ˈtʰuul

80.  ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo ˈaŋankʰ  ( 20 x 4 )

16. ˈaarin a ˌtʰuula ˈʔom

90.  ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo ˈaŋankʰ a ˈaarin

17. ˈaarin a ˌtʰuula ˈpʰɛɛj

100. ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ d͡ʒoo tʰuul ( 20 x 5 ) / ˈɗibɛ *

18. ˈaarin a ˌtʰuula ˈd͡ʒiitʰ

200. zuɡo tɔmɔn ( 20 x 10 ) / ɗiˌbɛjɛ ˈpʰɛɛj

19. ˈaarin a ˌtʰuula ˈaŋan

1000.  ˈkʰumɛ *

20. ˌruumerˈɗiitʰ (one complete man )

 

 

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Pete Unseth, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Ethiopia, October 7, 1993. Data in phonetic transcriptions provided by Ms. Sandra Hufnagel, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Ethiopia, August 1, 2007.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Pete Unseth, 1993 年 10 月 7 日, Ms. Sandra Hufnagel, 2007 年 8 月 1 日.

 

Other comments: Majang has a numeral system based on twenty with a five-based substructure. The word 'ruumerˈɗiitʰ' in twenty means 'one complete person', that is all of his fingers and toes. 'forty' can be broken down to 'ˈpʰɔlpʰɔlɛ' means' finger/ toe, -e plural, 'd͡ʒoo' 'people', and pʰɛɛj 'two'. It is the fingers and toes of two peoples. The numbers 100 'ɗibɛ' and 1000 'kʰumɛ' are borrowing from one of nearby Cushitic language.

 

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