Language name and locationː Ujir, Maluku, Indonesia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 乌吉尔语, 印度尼西亚马鲁古省东南部阿鲁群岛

1. set

21.  uirua ma set

2. rua

22.  uirua ma rua

3. lati

23.  uirua ma lati

4. ka

24.  uirua ma ka

5. lima

25.  uirua ma lima

6. dubu

26.  uirua ma dubu

7. dubusam (litː '6 +1')  

27.  uirua ma dubusam

8. karua  (litː 'four two = 2 x 4')

28.  uirua ma karua

9. tera

29.  uirua ma tera

10. uisia

30.  uilati

11. uisia ma set ( 10 + 1)

40.  uika

12. uisia ma rua  

50.  uilima

13. uisia ma lati  

60.  uidubu

14. uisia ma ka  

70.  uidubusam

15. uisia ma lima ( 10 + 5)

80.  uikarua

16. uisia ma duba  

90.  uitera

17. uisia ma dubusam  

100. rat sia

18. uisia ma karua 

200. rat rua

19. uisia ma tera   

1000. rifun sia   

20. uirua

2000. rifun rua

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Antoinette Schapper, LACITO-CNRS, Paris, France, June 27, 2019.

Reference: Anoinette Schapper & Marian Klamer, 2014: Numeral Systems in Alor-Pantar Languages, Leiden University. 

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Antoinette Schapper, 2019 年 6 月 27 日.

Other comments: Ujir has a decimal numeral system with substructures for numbers 7 and 8.  Like other Aru languages, the Ujir numerals for ‘seven’ and ‘eight’ are complex numerals. Dubusam is an additive numeral (6+1) composed of dubu ‘six’ and -sam, apparently historically derived from, ‘one’. Karua is an multiplicative numeral (4x2) composed of ka ‘four’ and rua ‘two’. The numeral ‘ten’ is also complex, being composed of ui ‘tens’ and sia ‘one’. Higher decades are formed by replacing sia with another numeral, thus: ui rua ‘twenty’, ui lati ‘thirty’, ui ka ‘forty’ etc. The numerals ‘one’. This means there are apparently two forms of the numeral ‘one’ (set or sia) in Ujir. The choice between these forms is dependent on the arithmetical context. Set is used in additive contexts, that is, where one referent (1) or an additional one referent is added to a higher numeral (2). (1) letay set canoe one ‘one canoe’ (2) letay ui rua ma set canoe tens two plus one ‘twenty-one canoes’ Sia is used in multiplicative contexts to create higher numerals that multiplicands of ‘one’, such as (3), (4) and (5). (3) letay ui sia canoe ten one ‘ten canoes’ (4) letay rat sia canoe hundred one ‘one hundred canoes’ (5) letay ribu sia canoe thousand one ‘one thousand canoes’ 2 Sia has a further use outside of numeral contexts. In (6) and (7), sia is not combined with another numeral, but is used by itself with a noun to denote specific indefinite reference (‘a certain’, ‘a particular’ etc.). (6) Fit sia, anin dibil,… night one wind stiff ‘On a certain night, there was a stiff breeze, … (7) Waktu sia, a-ratan fana sia,… time one 3.ACT-reach village one ‘One time, (the boat) reached a certain village,… Formation of higher numerals. As already observed above, multiples of bases such as ui ‘ten’ and rat ‘hundred’ are created by placing another numeral after base numeral, as in (8) and (9). (8) ui rua ‘twenty’, ui lati ‘thirty’, ui ka ‘forty’… (9) rat rua ‘two hundred’, rat lati ‘three hundred’, rat ka ‘four hundred’… Adding digits (‘one’ to ‘nine’) to (multiples of ) bases is achieved by means of the “augmenter” ma between the base (and its multiplier, if any) and the added digit, such as in (10) and (11). (10) ui sia ma set ‘eleven’, ui lati ma tera ‘thirty-nine’, ui dubusam ma dubusam ‘seventy-seven’… (11) rat rua ma rua ‘two hundred and two’, rat dubu ui du.

Language name and locationː Ujir, Maluku, Indonesia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 乌吉尔语, 印度尼西亚马鲁古省东南部阿鲁群岛

1. set

21. 

2. 'rua

22.  

3. 'lati

23. 

4. ka

24.  

5. 'lima

25.  

6. 'dubu

26. 

7. dubu'sam (litː '6+1') 

27. 

8. ka'rua  (litː 'four two=2 x 4')

28.  

9. 'tɛra

29. 

10. ʔuysia

30.

11.

40. 

12.

50. 

13.

60. 

14.

70. 

15.

80. 

16.

90. 

17.

100. rat'sia

18.

200.

19.

1000. rifun'sia   

20.

2000. 

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Jock Hughes, SIL International, February 22, 1997. Taken from SIL linguistic survey list.  

提供资料的语言学家: Mr. Jock Hughes, 1997 年 2 月 22 日.

Other comments: Ujir has a decimal system. Ujir is spoken by approximately 1,000 speakers in northwest Aru islands on Udjir and Wokam islands, Kepulauan-Aru regency, Maluku province, Indonesia.