Tuyuca

Language name and locationː Tuyuca, Colombia, Brazil [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 图尤卡语, 伦比亚东南部沃佩斯省沃佩斯河流域地区及巴西境内

1. sihkaɡá

2. pùaɡá

3. ihtīáɡa

4. bahpáɾipa

5. sihkábõhêyêpa

6. sihkábõhêyêpehti ahpebò sihkaɡápêdîpeaɾepa (5+1)

7. sihkábõhêyêpehti ahpebò pùaɡápêdîpeaɾepa (5+2)

8. sihkábõhêyêpehti ahpebò ihtīáɡapêdîpeaɾepa (5+3)

9. sihkábõhêyêpehti ahpebò bahpáɾipêdîpeaɾepa (5+4)

10. pùabòhêyêpa

11. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpó sihkaɡápêdîpeaɾepa

12. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpó pùaɡápêdîpeaɾepa

13. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpó ihtīáɡapêdîpeaɾepa

14. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpó bahpáɾipêdîpeaɾepa

15. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpópehtiɾepa

16. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpópehti sihkaɡápêdîpeaɾepa

17. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpópehti pùaɡápêdîpeaɾepa

18. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpópehti ihtīáɡapêdîpeaɾepa

19. pùabòpehti sihkadùhpópehti bahpáɾipêdîpeaɾepa

20. pùabòpehti pùadùhpópehtiɾépa

Linguist providing data and dateː Ms. Janet Barnes, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Colombia. 1990; June 22, 2010.

提供资料的语言学家: Ms. Janet Barnes, 1990 年; 2010 年 6 月 22 日

Other comments: Tuyuca or Borá-Tuyuka is spoken by approximately 1,400 speakers in

Vaupés department: on Inambú, Papurí, and upper Tiquié along Comeyaca headwaters, Colombia as well as Brazil.

Tuyuca numbers do not occur without a classifier suffixed to them (See my article “Classifiers in Tuyuca.” Amazonian Linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages.) In the following list of numbers, I have used the classifier “-ga”, which is used when counting fingers. The plural of “-ga” is “-pa”, and is it used for the numbers four (4) and beyond. In common usage, the only numbers that are used are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10. Numbers beyond 10 were all included using the expression “many”. The numbers, other than 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, were elicited, and exist, although there is controversy as to how to express them. For example, I have been told that the number six (6) is:

sihkawãbòpehti ahpebò sihkagápêdîpearepa. I have observed that when a Tuyuca wants to express a number larger than 5, he indicates each item on his fingers (naming each of his children, for example), starting with the little finger on the left hand, and when he arrives at the total, he shows the total number of fingers, and says: hã. I also observed a Tuyuca indicate the number 15 in this manner: He crossed his left leg over the right leg, indicated 10 with his fingers, and put the little finger of the left hand next to the big toe of the left foot, to indicate 15. I also observed a Tuyuca indicate the number 20 by showing both hands, and looking down at his feet, while lowering his hands a bit to indicate that he was including all ten toes. In other words, the numbers that I elicited above are not used in everyday speech. Presently the Tuyucas continue to use the Tuyuca numbers for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10. If they want to indicate other numbers, they use the Spanish number system.

The following are the morphemes used above, and their meanings:

-ga form with three dimensions

-pa plural of “-ga”

-bõ hand

dùhpó foot

-pehtí complete

ahpé other

-pêdîpéa to pass from one object to another nearby

-hêyê (only used in these numbers)

-re nominalizer

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