Language name and locationː Sanapaná, Boquerón, Paraguay [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 萨纳帕纳语, 巴拉圭西部上巴拉圭省, 波格隆省和中西部阿耶斯总统省帕特里亚地区  

1. ɬema

21.  wejntiuno (Spanish loan)

2. kanet

22.  wejntiɾo (Spanish loan)

3. kajtnaɬema <kanet na ɬema, '2 and 1'

23.  wejntitɾe (Spanish loan)

4. kwatɾo ( Spanish loan)

24.  wejntikwatɾo (Spanish loan)

5. ɫema emek ('one hand') /siŋko (Sp.)

25.  wejntisiŋko (Spanish loan)

6. sej (Spanish loan)

26.  wejntisej (Spanish loan)

7. sjete (Spanish loan)

27.  wejntisjete (Spanish loan)

8. otʃo (Spanish loan)

28.  wejntiotʃo (Spanish loan)

9. nwewe (Spanish loan)

29.  wejntinwewe (Spanish loan)

10. dje / lje (Spanish loan)

30.  tɾejnta (Spanish loan)

11. onse (Spanish loan)

40.  kwarenta (Spanish loan)

12. dose / lose (Spanish loan)

50.  siŋkwenta (Spanish loan)

13. tɾese (Spanish loan) 

60.  sesenta (Spanish loan)

14. katoɾse (Spanish loan)

70.  setenta (Spanish loan)

15. kinse (Spanish loan)

80.  otʃenta (Spanish loan)

16. djesisej / ljesisej (Spanish loan)

90.  nowenta (Spanish loan)

17. djesisjete / ljesisjete (Spanish loan)

100. sjen (Spanish loan), 200. losjento

18. djesiotʃo / ljesiotʃo  (Spanish loan)

400. kwatɾosjento, 800. otʃosjento

19. djesinwewe / ljesinwewe (Sp. loan)

1000. mil  (Spanish loan)

20. wejnte (Spanish loan)

2000. lomil (Spanish loan)

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Jens E. L. Van Gysel, PhD student in Linguistics at the University of New Mexico, USA, January 12, 2020.

提供资料的语言学家: Mr. Jens E. L. Van Gysel, 2020 年 1 月 12 日.

Other comments: Sanapaná or Nenlhet is spoken by approximately 980 speakers out of 2,270 ethnic population in Alto Paraguay and Boquerón departments; Presidente Hayes department: Anaconda north to La Palmera south, Paraguay.

There are (or perhaps better, used to be) native numerals for cardinalities up until 20. Apart from the ones listed in the table, I have not heard any of them used in normal conversation, and speakers often give different answers when eliciting them. I have therefore concluded that they are no longer part of the system of most if not all speakers, and have given in the table above the Spanish loans people use instead (since you asked for the most frequent forms). These vary depending on the Spanish proficiency of individual speakers, as some speakers with extremely little exposure to Spanish might, for instance, substitute /l/ or /ɫ/ for Spanish /ɾ/. The forms in the table above should therefore only be taken as an approximation of how an average speaker may produce these numerals.

The table below presents the phonetic chart of the Sanapaná consonant system in my current analysis. The consonants between brackets are allophones present in the speech of some speakers: [q] as a retention by a few older speakers of a (likely) proto-Enlhet-Enenlhet phoneme /q/ which has in Sanapaná become /k/ or /ʔ/ depending on context; /g/ as a marginal phoneme present in a very small number of fairly frequent words such as /paga/ 'mosquito' and /kaga/ 'type of fruit'; and [ʃ] and [x] as connected speech allophones of /j/ after /t/ and of the /kh/ cluster, respectively.

The Sanapaná vowel system consists of /e, a, o/, respectively a mid front vowel, a low central vowel, and a mid back vowel. Data on this vowel system and the relations of /e, o/ with [i, u] can be found in a paper I am currently finishing, and of which I can send a draft if you are interested. The reference is the following:

Van Gysel, Jens E. L. In prep. The influence of language shift on Sanapaná vowel productions: An exemplar-based perspective

Language name and locationː Sanapaná, Boquerón, Paraguay [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 萨纳帕纳语, 巴拉圭西部上巴拉圭省, 波格隆省和中西部阿耶斯总省帕特里亚地区 

1. ɬɪma

21.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-ɬɪma

2. kanɪt

22.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-kanɪt

3. kanɪtnaɬɪma (lit: 'two and one')

23.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-kanɪtnaɬɪma

4. kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬɪma

24.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬɪma

5. ɬɪma ɪmmɪk (lit: 'one hand')

25.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk

6. ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma ('one hand and one')

26.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma

7. ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪt

27.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪt

8. ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnaɬɪma

28.  kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌk.-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnaɬɪma

9. ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬima

29.  ka.-ɬɪ. ʌk.-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬima

10. kanɪt ɪmmɪk (lit: 'two hands')

30.  kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬima ʌkyʌkyema

11. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma

40.  kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬima-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema

12. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-kanɪt

50.  ɬɪma ɬɪma ɪmmɪk ʌkyʌkyema

13. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnaɬɪma

60.  ɬɪma ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema

14. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬɪma

70.  ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema

15. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma

80.  ɬɪm. ɪm.-kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema

16. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪt

90.  ɬɪ. ɪm.-kanɪtnaɬɪma-ɬɪm.ɬima ʌkyʌkyema

17. kanɪt ɪmmɪk-ɬɪma ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnalɪma

100. ɬɪma-kanɪt ʌkyʌkyema

18. ka. ɪm.-ɬɪ. ɪmmɪk-kanɪtnalɪma-ɬɪma  

200. kanɪt-kanɪt ʌkyʌkyema

19. ka. ɪm.-ɬɪ. ɪm.-kanɪtnalɪma-ɬɪma-ɬɪma

1000. ɬɪma-kanɪtnaɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema

20. kanɪt-ɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema *

2000. kanɪt-kanɪtnaɬɪma ʌkyʌkyema

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. John Stucky, New Tribes Missions, Paraguay, January 15, 2013.

提供资料的语言学家: Mr. John Stucky, 2013 年 1 月 15 日.

Other comments: Sanapaná has developed counting system up to 2000. The numerical system above is, for the most part, a recent development. They normally use numbers 1-3 in their language and then Spanish numbers after that; twenty means 'two and one circle (0)', ʌkyʌkyema = 'circle'.

Their traditional system of counting is as follows:

   1. ɬɪma

   2. kanɪt

   3. kanɪtnaɬɪma

    4. ɬɪma ʌktɪk

   5. ɬɪma ʌktɪk

   8. jama ʌnɬʌnje

 15. ʌnɬʌnje  

 50. ʌnɬʌnje aŋkoje 

 50 +  tajɪp aŋkoje ʌkɬamʌkma

Sanapaná phonetic chartː

Consonants:

  Vowelsː