|
Language
name and locationː Mengen,
Papua New Guinea
[Refer to
Ethnologue] |
|
1. 'kɛnɑ |
21. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'kɛnɑ |
|
2. 'luɑ |
22. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'luɑ |
|
3. 'mo'loɡi |
23. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ mo'loɡi |
|
4. tu'ɡulu |
24. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ tu'ɡulu |
|
5. 'limɑ (lit: 'hand') |
25. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'limɑ |
|
6. 'limɑ bɑ 'kɛnɑ ( 5 + 1 ) |
26. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'limɑ bɑ 'kɛnɑ |
|
7. 'limɑ bɑ 'luɑ ( 5 + 2 ) |
27. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'limɑ bɑ 'luɑ |
|
8. 'limɑ bɑ mo'loɡi ( 5 + 3 ) |
28. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'limɑ bɑ mo'loɡi |
|
9. 'limɑ bɑ tu'ɡulu ( 5 + 4 ) |
29. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'limɑ bɑ tu'ɡulu |
|
10. tɑŋu'lelu |
30. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ bɑ 'tɑŋu'lelu ( 20 + 10 ) |
|
11. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ 'kɛnɑ |
40. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ 'luɑ ( 20 x 2 ) |
|
12. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ lua |
50. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ 'luɑ bɑ tɑŋu'lelu |
|
13. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ mo'loɡi |
60. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ mo'loɡi ( 20 x 3 ) |
|
14. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ tu'ɡulu |
70. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ mo'loɡi bɑ tɑŋu'lelu |
|
15. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ 'limɑ |
80. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ tu'ɡulu ( 20 x 4 ) |
|
16. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ 'limɑ bɑ 'kɛnɑ |
90. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ tu'ɡulu ba tɑŋu'lelu |
|
17. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ 'limɑ bɑ 'luɑ |
100. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ limɑ ( 20 x 5 ) |
|
18. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ 'limɑ bɑ mo'loɡi |
200. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ tɑŋu'lelu ( 20 x 10 ) |
|
19. tɑŋu'lelu bɑ 'limɑ bɑ tu'ɡulu |
|
|
20. ɡiɑu 'kɑinɑ |
|
|
Linguist providing
data and dateː Dr. René van den Berg, SIL
International, Papua New Guinea, June |
|
Other comments: Mengen has a quinary-vigesimal system, with separate words for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 and 20. All other numbers are combinations. The system appears to be relatively stable up to 39. The word for 40 /ɡiɑu ˈkɑinɑ ˈluɑ/ (20 x 2) is confusing to many people, as it is very similar to 22 /ɡiɑu ˈkɑinɑ bɑ ˈluɑ/ (20 + 2). There are no words for 1000 and 2000. Most people only use Mengen numbers up to 5 or 10, and prefer Tok Pisin for higher numbers. Other notes: 1. The voice on the recording is from Mrs Felicitas Lurume (born in 1970), from the village of Poro near Malmal in the West Pomio district. Mrs Lurume is a teacher at Makain Elementary School and she has given written consent for this recording to be published on the Internet. 2. Mengen has a 7-vowel system /i, e, ɛ, ɑ, ɔ, o, u/, but the contrast between /e/ and /E/ and between /o/ and /ɔ/ appears to be neutralised in closed syllables. 3. Final vowels following consonants are often not pronounced, e.g. / tɑŋuˈlel/ for ‘10’. 4. Word and phrase-medial /b/ and /ɡ/ have fricative allophones [β] and [ɣ], in some cases even phrase-initially. The word /bɑ/ ‘and’ is therefore usually pronounced [βɑ]. |
|
Language
name and locationː Mengen,
Papua New Guinea
[Refer to
Ethnologue] |
|
1. kena |
21. ɡiau kaina ba kena |
|
2. lua |
22. ɡiau kaina ba lua |
|
3. mo'loɡi |
23. ɡiau kaina ba mo'loɡi |
|
4. tu'ɡulu |
24. ɡiau kaina ba tu'ɡulu |
|
5. 'lima (lit: 'hand') |
25. ɡiau kaina ba lima |
|
6. lima ba kena ( 5 + 1 ) |
26. ɡiau kaina ba lima ba kena |
|
7. lima ba lua ( 5 + 2 ) |
27. ɡiau kaina ba lima ba lua |
|
8. lima ba mo'loɡi ( 5 + 3 ) |
28. ɡiau kaina ba lima ba mo'loɡi |
|
9. lima ba tu'ɡulu ( 5 + 4 ) |
29. ɡiau kaina ba lima ba tu'ɡulu |
|
10. taŋu'lelu |
30. ɡiau kaina ba taŋu'lelu ( 20 + 10 ) |
|
11. taŋu'lelu ba kena |
40. ɡiau kaina lua ( 20 x 2 ) |
|
12. taŋu'lelu ba lua |
50. ɡiau kaina lua ba taŋu'lelu |
|
13. taŋu'lelu ba mo'loɡi |
60. ɡiau kaina mo'loɡi ( 20 x 3 ) |
|
14. taŋu'lelu ba tu'ɡulu |
70. ɡiau kaina mo'loɡi ba taŋu'lelu |
|
15. taŋu'lelu ba lima |
80. ɡiau kaina tu'ɡulu ( 20 x 4 ) |
|
16. taŋu'lelu ba lima ba kena |
90. ɡiau kaina tu'ɡulu ba taŋu'lelu |
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17. taŋu'lelu ba lima ba lua |
100. ɡiau kaina lima ( 20 x 5 ) |
|
18. taŋu'lelu ba lima ba mo'loɡi |
200. ɡiau kaina taŋu'lelu ( 20 x 10 ) |
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19. taŋu'lelu ba lima ba tu'ɡulu |
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20. ɡiau kaina |
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Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. & Mrs. Dan & Ginny Rath, SIL-International,
Papua Guinea, October |
|
Other comments: Menegn has a quinary-vigesimal system. Number five means' hand' and twenty is from 'two feet of one person'. |
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