Language name and locationː North Marquesan, Fr. Polynesia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 北部马克萨斯语, 法属波利尼西亚马克萨斯群岛

1. e tahi

21. tekau ma tahi

2. e ʔua

22. tekau ma ʔua

3. e toʔu

23. tekau ma toʔu

4. e haː

24. tekau ma faː

5. e ʔima

25. tekau ma ʔima

6. e ono

26. tekau ma ono

7. e hitu

27. tekau ma fitu

8. e vaʔu

28. tekau ma vaʔu

9. e iva

29. tekau ma iva

10. ʔonohuʔu

30. tekau ma ʔonohuʔu (OF)/e toʔu ʔonohuʔu (NF)

11. ʔonohuʔu ma tahi

40. e touhaː (OF, still used) / e ha: ʔonohuʔ(NF)

12. ʔonohuʔu ma ʔua

50. e touhaː ma ʔonohuʔu (OF)/e ʔima ʔonohuʔu (NF)

13. ʔonohuʔu ma toʔu

60. e touhaː me te tekau (OF) / e ono tekau (NF)

14. ʔonohuʔu ma haː

70. e touhaː me te tekau ma ʔonohuʔu /e hitu ʔonohuʔu

15. ʔonohuʔu ma ʔima

80. e ʔua touhaː (OF) / e vaʔu ʔonohuʔu (NF)

16. ʔonohuʔu ma ono

90. e ʔua touhaː ma ʔonohuʔu (OF) /e iva ʔonohuʔu (NF)

17. ʔonohuʔu ma hitu

100. e ʔua touhaː me te tekau (OF) / hanere (NF)

18. ʔonohuʔu ma vaʔu

200. e ʔima touhaː (OF) / e ʔua hanare (NF)

19. ʔonohuʔu ma iva

1000. e ʔua ʔau me te ʔima touhaː / tautini / miri *

20. tekau

2000. e ʔima ʔau (OF)  / e ʔua tautini (NF)

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Gabriele Cablitz,  Seminar für Allgemeine & Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft, Universität Kiel (University of Kiel), Kiel, Germany.

September 19, 2011.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Gabriele Cablitz, 2011 年 9 月 19 日.

Other comments: The old counting system in North Marquesan is based on 20, 40,

400 (=e tahi ʔau/e ʔau), (vigesimal and quadragesimal and quattrocentimal), and 4000 (=e tahi mano). There is a French loanword 'miri' for thousand.

Nowadays the tekau (20) and touhā (40) are used frequently by all speakers; e tahi ʔau (400) and e tahi mano (4000) are only used in specific contexts (e.g. counting coconuts or in narratives (e.g. when talking about an army of warriors). Otherwise the new forms based on the decimal system are preferred. The same holds for 30, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90. For 100, 200, etc. and 1000 the loanwords (hanere, tautini) are used by the majority of speakers regardless of their age.

Note: OF=older form, NF=newer form.

North Marquesan is spoken by about 5,000 speakers in Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia.

Language name and locationː North Marquesan, Fr. Polynesia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 北部马克萨斯语, 太平洋东部法属波利尼西亚马克萨斯群岛

1. e tahi

21. tekau ma tahi

2. e ʔua

22. tekau ma ʔua

3. e toʔu

23. tekau ma toʔu

4. e haː

24. tekau ma haː

5. e ʔima

25. tekau ma ʔima

6. e ono

26. tekau ma ono

7. e hitu

27. tekau ma hitu

8. e vaʔu

28. tekau ma vaʔu

9. e iva

29. tekau ma iva

10. ʔonohuʔu

30. e toʔu ʔonohuʔu / tekau ma ʔonohuʔu

11. ʔonohuʔu ma tahi

40. e touhaː  

12. ʔonohuʔu ma ʔua

50. e touhaː ma ʔonohuʔu (40+10)

13. ʔonohuʔu ma toʔu

60. e touhaː me te tekau (40+20)

14. ʔonohuʔu ma haː

70. e touhaː me te tekau ma ʔonohuʔu

15. ʔonohuʔu ma ʔima

80. e ʔua touhaː  (2 x 40)

16. ʔonohuʔu ma ono

90. e ʔua touhaː ma ʔonohuʔu (2 x 40+10)

17. ʔonohuʔu ma hitu

100. e ʔua touhaː me te tekau / haːnere

18. ʔonohuʔu ma vaʔu

200. e ʔima touhaː (5 x 40)

19. ʔonohuʔu ma iva

1000. e ʔua ʔau e ʔima touhaː / tautuni

20. tekau

2000. e ʔima ʔau (5 x 400)  

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Toti Teikiehuupoko, Académie Marquisienne(Marquesan Academy), French Polynesia. June 18, 2006.

提供资料的语言学家: Mr. Toti Teikiehuupoko, 2006 年 6 月 18 日.

Other comments: North Marquesan has a special system based on 20, 40 and 400 (vigesimal and quadragesimal and quattrocentimal). The origins for 40 'touha' and 400 'ʔau' are unclear but the people still use them to count coconuts and persons now. There are loanwords from English 'haːnere' 100 and 'tautuni' 1000'. North Marquesan is spoken by about 5,000 speakers in Marquesas Islands, French Polynesia.