Language
name and locationː Lakumarau,
Papua New Guinea
[Refer to Ethnologue] |
1. sakai |
2. iwak |
3. tun |
4. faat |
5. lima (lit: 'hand') |
6. vizik saxaa ( 5 + 1 ) |
7. vizik wak ( 5 + 2 ) |
8. vizik tun ( 5 + 3 ) |
9. vizik faat ( 5 + 4 ) |
10. zaŋaflu |
Linguist providing data and dateː Dr.
Lidia Federica Mazzitelli, General Linguistics, Department of Linguistics,
University of Cologne,
Cologne,
Germany,
June
21, 2019. |
Other comments: Lakumarau or Loxodumau has a quinary numeral system of counting similar to that of the Nalik language. Lakumarau is a newly discovered language, spoken by approximately 800 people in the village Lakurumau, in the New Ireland Province of Papua New Guinea. So far, Lakurumau has only been briefly mentioned in descriptions of the New Ireland languages an defined as a "transitional dialect" or a "transitional language" between the neighboring Nalik and Kara. Actually, Lakurumau would be better defined as a member of the language chain of Northern New Ireland, comprising of six different languages (Lavongai/Tungak, Tigak, Tiang, Kara, Nalik and Loxodumau). Due to the pressure of Tok Pisin, the vernacular language in Papua New Guinea, the number of fluent speakers is rapidly sinking and the language is at risk of dying out in the next few decades. Traditionally, Lakurumau speakers were also fluent in the neighboring languages Nalik and Kara, which they used in the relationship with their neighbours. The latter would usually not learn Lakurumau, as they deem it to be a "very difficult" and "unintellegible" language. Nowadays, even if knowledge of Nalik and Kara is still diffused in Lakurumau, communication with Nalik and Kara speakers takes place more and more often in Tok Pisin. Some Lakurumau speakers are also fluent in Papua New Guinea English. Lakurumau is less and less spoken by younger generations; it is endangered and faces a serious threat of extinction in the next decades. Note: The first row is used when counting (1, 2, 3), the second one as modifiers. 1 sakai (a boi) a zaxaa 'one (pig)' 2 iwak (a boi) a ralawa 'two (pigs)' etc. 3 tun a boi a ralorun 4 faat a boi a ralavaat 5 lima a boi a vatmit 6 vizik saxaa a boi a vizik saxaa 7 vizik wak a boi a vizik wak 8 vizik tun a boi a vizik tun 9 vizik faat a boi a vizik faat 10 zangaflu a boi a zangaflu Note that the 'x' is a velar fricative. |
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