Ganza

Language name and locationː Ganza, Blue Nile state, Sudan [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 甘扎语, 苏丹共和国东南部南尼罗河州及埃塞俄比亚境内

1. ʔìʃì kwéʔèn	21. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó íʃì kwéʔèn
2. mámbú	22. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó mámbú
3. tʼízí	23. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó tʼízí
4. más’í	24. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó más’í
5. k’wísʼí	25. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó k’wísʼí
6. ʔìʃkìbín	26. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó ʔìʃkìbín
7. mámpʰìn	27. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó mámpʰìn
8. wòbó	28. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó wòbó
9. ʃèlé	29. mámbú kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó ʃèlé
10. kónsó-bá ( litː 'hand-pair')	30. tʼízí kónsó-bá (three hand-.CT-pair )
11. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó íʃì kwéʔèn	40. más’í kónsó-bá (four hand-.CT-pair )
12. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó mámbú	50. k’wísʼí kónsó-bá (five hand-.CT-pair )
13. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó tʼízí	60. ʔìʃkìbín kónsó-bá (six hand-.CT-pair )
14. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó más’í	70. mámpʰìn kónsó-bá (seven hand-
15. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó k’wísʼí	80. wòbó kónsó-bá (eight hand-.CT-pair )
16. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó ʔìʃkìbín	90. ʃèlé kónsó-bá (nine hand-.CT-pair )
17. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó mámpʰìn	100. k’wísʼí ásí k’jóo
18. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó wòbó	200.
19. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó ʃèlé	1000.
20. mámbú kónsó-bá	2000.

Language name and locationː Ganza, Blue Nile state, Sudan [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 甘扎语, 苏丹共和国东南部南尼罗河州及埃塞俄比亚境内

1. ʔìʃì kwéʔèn	21. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó íʃì kwéʔèn
2. mámbú	22. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó mámbú
3. tʼízí	23. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó tʼízí
4. más’í	24. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó más’í
5. k’wísʼí	25. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó k’wísʼí
6. ʔìʃkìbín	26. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó ʔìʃkìbín
7. mámpʰìn	27. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó mámpʰìn
8. wòbó	28. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó wòbó
9. ʃèlé	29. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ-ó ʃèlé
10. kónsó-bá ( litː ''hand-pair'')	30. tʼízí kónsó-bá
11. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó íʃì kwéʔèn	40. mámbú ásí k’jóò
12. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó mámbú	50. k’wísʼí kónsó-bá
13. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó tʼízí	60. tʼízí ásí k’jóò
14. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó más’í	70. mámpʰìn kónsó-bá
15. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó k’wísʼí	80. más’í ásí k’jóò
16. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó ʔìʃkìbín	90. ʃèlé kónsó-bá
17. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó mámpʰìn	100. k’wísʼí ásí k’jóò
18. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó wòbó	133. k’wísʼí ásí k’jóò kʼwàtʼ ó tʼízí kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó tʼízí
19. kónsó-bá kʼwàtʼ-ó ʃèlé	1000.
20. ʔìʃì ásí k’jóò	2000.

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Joshua A. G. Smolders, SIL International, Ethiopia, December 8, 2016.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Joshua A. G. Smolders, 2016 年 12 月 8 日.

Other comments: Ganza (Gwàmì Nánà) has a base-5 / base-20 system. The Ganza [gza] number system follows the pattern of many Western Ethiopian languages, clearly showing a base-5 / base-20 system built off the concepts of 'hand' and 'body'. Where Ganza is unique, however, is in the numbers 6-9. These do not clearly correspond to the pattern "hand plus one", "hand plus two", etc., found in related and proximal languages (though some remnant of that appears to be present in 6 and 7), and neither are they obvious borrowings from any surrounding trade language. Thus the etymology of these lexemes, especially that of 8 and 9, remains a mystery.

In the above data it should be noted that the gloss "LOC" stands for the locative /-o/ suffix which replaces the lexical final-vowel of a nominal, and that "CT" stands for "construct tone melody", a suppletive tone melody taken by a modified nominal (see Smolders, Joshua. Forthcoming. A Phonology of Ganza. In Linguistic Discovery 14(1)).

Note for number 1ː cf. Mao /hiʃki/, Seze /ɪʃilɛ/

Note for number 2ː cf. Mao /numbo/, Hozo /dombo/, Seze /noːmbɛ/

Note for number 3ː cf. Mao /teːze/, Hozo /sijazi/, Seze /siːzɛ/

Note for number 4ː cf. Mao /metsʼe/, Hozo /bɛtsʼi/, Seze /bɛtsʼɛ/

Note for number 5ː Probably related to a Proto-Mao word *kʼwiSi 'hand' (c.f. Mao /kʼwíssí/, Hozo /kwitsi/, and Sezo /kwizɛ/), but not for directly to the Ganza contemporary word /kónsó/ 'hand'.

Note for number 6ː Clearly contains root of 'one' combined with some element *Pin presumably meaning 'five' or 'fist'.

Note for number 7ː Clearly contains root of 'two' combined with some element *Pin presumably meaning 'five' or 'fist'.

Note for number 8ː Not a clear borrowing from any relevant trade language or related to other Mao languages, cf. Sud. Arabic tamaniya, Oromo saddeet, Amharic sɨmmɨnt, Berta tɛmaɲa.

Note for number 9ː Not a clear borrowing from any relevant trade language or related to other Mao languages, cf. Sud.Arabic tamaniya, Oromo sagal, Amharic sɨmmɨnt, Berta tɛmaɲa

Language name and locationː Ganza, Blue Nile state, Sudan [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 甘扎语, 苏丹共和国东南部南尼罗河州及埃塞俄比亚境内

1. ʔíʃkúwéén	21. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí ʔíʃkúwéén
2. mámbùʔ	22. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí mámbùʔ
3. tíízìʔ	23. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí tíízìʔ
4. más’s’ìʔ	24. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí más’s’ìʔ
5. k’wíssíʔ	25. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí k’wíssíʔ
6. ʔíʃkípín	26. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí ʔíʃkípín
7. mámpín	27. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí mámpín
8. wóp’ò	28. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí wóp’ò
9. ʃéléʔ	29. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí ʃéléʔ
10. kónsóbààʔ	30. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí kónsóbààʔ
11. kónsóbàà gàʃí ʔíʃkúwéén	40. mámb ʔàsì k’éwòʔ (2 x 20)
12. kónsóbàà gàʃí mámbùʔ	50. mámb ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí kónsóbààʔ
13. kónsóbàà gàʃí tíízìʔ	60. tííz ʔàsì k’éwòʔ [tíízàsìk’éwòʔ]
14. kónsóbàà gàʃí más’s’ìʔ	70. tííz ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí kónsóbààʔ
15. kónsóbàà gàʃí k’wíssíʔ	80. besʼsʼé màà kʼwèèj (4 x 20)
16. kónsóbàà gàʃí ʔíʃkípín	90. más’s’ ʔàsì k’éwò gàʃí kónsóbààʔ
17. kónsóbàà gàʃí mámpín	100. k’wíss ʔàsì k’éwòʔ (5 x 20)
18. kónsóbàà gàʃí wóp’ò	200. kóns ʔàsì k’éwòʔ (10 x 20)
19. kónsóbàà gàʃí ʃéléʔ	1000.
20. ʔìʃ(k) ʔàsì k’éwò	2000.

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Girma Mengistu Desta, Lecture, Department of

Linguistics, Addis Abba University, April 4, 2012.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Girma Mengistu Desta, 2012 年 4 月 4 日

Other comments: Ganza has a quinary, vigesimal. Ganza is spoken in Benishangul Gumuz region, Mao Komo Special District, Ethiopia. Nowadays, the traditional numbers of Ganza as well as Sezo are not known among the new generation. The young people and children can count only up to ten. They cannot go further. Mostly the Sezo speakers count in Oromo; a major language of the area. In most cases, the Ganza people count in Arabic. These data are collected from elders above 65. The elders themselves told me the numbers by recalling; that means their counting is not automatic.

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