Language name and locationː Ayoreo, Paraguay, Bolivia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 阿约勒奥语, 巴拉圭西北部上巴拉圭省是巴拉圭和玻利维亚境内

1. tʃo'm̥aɹa

2. 'ɡaɹe

3. ɡadiok

4. ɡa^'ɡan̥i

5. tʃen̥a yim̥anai, free translation: “my hole hand” (litː finish my hand)

6. tʃo'm̥aɹa ihi ti, free translation: “one from the other (hand)” (litː one from over there)

7. ɡaɹe ihi ti  

8. ɡadiok ihi ti

9. ɡa^'ɡan̥i ihi ti

10. tʃen̥a yim̥anay-one, free translation: “my hole hands” (litː finish my hands)

11. tʃo'm̥aɹa yi'ɹidai, free translation: “one of my foot” (litː one my foot)

12. ɡaɹe yi'ɹidai

13. ɡadiok yi'ɹidai

14. ɡa^'ɡan̥i yi'ɹidai

15. tʃen̥a yi'ɹidai, free translation: “my whole foot” (litː finish my foot)

16. tʃo'm̥aɹa yi'ɹidai uɲai, free translation: “one of my other foot” (litː one my foot
     other)

17. ɡaɹe yi'ɹidai uɲai  

18. ɡadiok yi'ɹidai uɲai  

19. ɡa^'ɡan̥i yi'ɹidai uɲai  

20. tʃen̥a ayoɹe tʃo'm̥aɹa free translation: “a complete person” (litː 'finish person one' )

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Santiago Gabriel Durante, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Argentina / hold a documentation grant from the “Endangered Languages Documentation Programme” (School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London), December 14, 2013.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Santiago Gabriel Durante, 2013 年 12 月 14 日

Other comments: Ayoreo is spoken by approximately 4,600 speakers in Alto Paraguay department: Arocojnadi, Cucaani, Guidaichai, and Isla Alta; Boquerón department: Campo Loro, Ebetogue, Jesudi, and Tunocojai, Paraguay as well as Bolivia.

Ayoreo has a quinary (base 5) numeral system. What I collect here is the result of my fieldwork in Paraguay and should not necessarily represent every variety of the Ayoreo language regarding numeral systems. My consultants manifest that it is possible, although not common, to count beyond twenty but they did not remember how to do it.

Language name and locationː Ayoreo, Paraguay, Bolivia [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 阿约勒奥语, 巴拉圭西北部上巴拉圭省是巴拉圭和玻利维亚境内

1. tʃo'm̥aɹa

21. tʃen̥a yu ɡa tʃo'm̥aɹa ihi bam̥anai

2. 'ɡaɹe-ode, 'ɡaɹe-die ( two-PL, m, f.)

22. tʃen̥a yu ɡa ɡaɹe ihi bam̥anai

3. ɡadiok

23. tʃen̥a yu ɡa ɡadiok ihi bam̥anai

4. ɡa^'ɡan̥i-one, ɡa^'ɡan̥i-nie

24. tʃen̥a yu ɡa ɡa^'ɡan̥i ihi bam̥anai

5. tʃen̥a yim̥anai (litː 'finish my hand')

25. tʃen̥a yu ɡa tʃen̥a bam̥anai 

6. tʃo'm̥aɹa ihi ti

26. tʃom̥aɹa ihi bam̥anai uɲai

7. ɡaɹe ihi ti

27. ɡaɹe ihi bam̥anai uɲai

8. ɡadiok ihi ti

28. ɡadioɡihi ihi bam̥anai uɲai

9. ɡa^'ɡan̥i ihi ti

29. ɡa^'ɡan̥i ihi bam̥anai uɲai

10. tʃen̥a yi-m̥a'nay-one *

30. ɡa tʃen̥a yu ayo'ɹe uɲai m̥a'nayone

11. tʃo'm̥aɹa ihi yi'ɹidai *

40.  tʃen̥a ayo'ɹe 'ɡaɹeode *

12. ɡaɹe ihi yi'ɹidai

50.  ɡa tʃen̥a yu ayo'ɹe uɲai m̥a'nayone

13. ɡadiok ihi yi'ɹidai

60.  tʃen̥a ayo'ɹe ayo'ɹe 'ɡaɹeode

14. ɡa^'ɡan̥i ihi yi'ɹidai

70.  ɡa tʃen̥a yu ayo'ɹe uɲai m̥a'nayone

15. tʃen̥a yi'ɹidai

80.  tʃen̥a ayo'ɹe ɡa^'ɡan̥ione 

16. tʃo'm̥aɹa ihi yi'ɹidai uɲai 

90.  ɡa tʃen̥a yu ayo'ɹe uɲai m̥a'nayone

17. ɡaɹe ihi yi'ɹidai uɲai  

100. ɡuen̥ane ayo'ɹe tʃen̥a yim̥anai

18. ɡadiok ihi yi'ɹidai uɲai  

200. ɡuen̥ane ayo'ɹe tʃen̥a yim̥a'nayone

19. ɡa^'ɡan̥i ihi yi'ɹidai uɲai  

1000.

20. tʃen̥a yu  (litː 'finished me' )

2000.

Linguist providing data and dateː Prof. Pier Marco Bertinetto, Linguistic Laboratory Università degli Studi di Torino (The University of Turin), Turin, Italy. February 27, 2010. Transcription based on orthographic data provided by New Tribes Missions

missionaryː Ms. Maxine Morarie, May 30, 1995, January 26, 2010.

提供资料的语言学家: Prof. Pier Marco Bertinetto, 2010 年 2 月 27 日

Other comments: Ayoreo is spoken by approximately 4,600 speakers in Alto Paraguay department: Arocojnadi, Cucaani, Guidaichai, and Isla Alta; Boquerón department: Campo Loro, Ebetogue, Jesudi, and Tunocojai, Paraguay as well as Bolivia. 

There are only four true numbers in the Ayoreo language 1-4;  the literal meaning of 5 is: it finishes my hand; 6-9 literally means: one on the other hand or just one on the other (hand left implicit). Literal for 10: it finishes my hands. 11-14 literal meaning: one on my foot, two on my foot, etc.; literal for 15: it finishes my foot; 16-19 literal meaning: one on the other foot, two on the other foot, etc.; literal for 20: it finished me. They rarely count past 20, but when they do you use another persons hand: It finished me and reached you, one on your hand, two on your hand, three on your hand, four on your hand, it finishes your hand......etc. They do count by 20’s.

Ayoreo Phonemic Chart:

Consonantsː (Orthographic conventions between angled brackets)

 Vowelsː