Language name and locationː San Martín Itunyoso Triqui, Mexico [Ref to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 圣马丁-伊屯尤索-特里基语, 墨西哥南部瓦哈卡州特拉西亚科市

1. ŋɡoh¹³

21.   ko² jə̃¹   

2. ββi¹³

22.   ko² ββih²

3. βa¹ʔni³   

23.   ko² βa²ʔnih²

24.   ko² kə̃¹ʔə̃h³

5. ũ¹ʔũh³

25.   ko² ũʔ²

6. βa¹tə̃h³

26.   ko² βa²tə̃h²

7. tt͡ʃih²

27.   ko² tt͡ʃih²

8. ttũ²

28.   ko² ttũ²

9. ũ²

29.   ko² ũ²

10. tt͡ʃiʔ²

30.   ko² tt͡ʃiʔ²

11. t͡ʃã²

40.   ββih² ʃi³a³     ( 2 x 20  )

12. t͡ʃu²βih²

50.   ββih² ʃi³a³ tt͡ʃiʔ²

13. t͡ʃa¹ʔnih¹ 

60.   βa²ʔnih³ ʃi³a³ ( 3 x 20  )

14. t͡ʃi²kə̃²ʔə̃h³

70.   βa²ʔnih³ ʃi³a³ tt͡ʃiʔ²

15. t͡ʃi²nuʔ²

80.   kə̃¹ʔə̃³ ʃi³a³     ( 4 x 20  )

16. t͡ʃi²nuʔ² jə̃¹         ( 15 + 1 )

90.   kə̃¹ʔə̃³ ʃi³a³  tt͡ʃiʔ²

17. t͡ʃi²nuʔ² ββih¹     ( 15 + 2 )

100.  si³e⁴ntu⁴³  ( < Spanish 'ciento' )

18. t͡ʃi²nuʔ² βa¹ʔnih³ ( 15 + 3 )

200. 

19. t͡ʃi²nuʔ² kə̃¹ʔə̃h³   ( 15 + 4 )

1000. mi⁴³  ( < Spanish 'mil')

20. ko²

2000. 

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Christian DiCanio, Haskin Laboratories at Yale

University, USA / Laboratoire Dynamique du Langage CNRS / Université Lyon-2, Lyon, France, March 24, 2013.

Other comments: Triqui, San Martín Itunyoso (snáhánj nìh) or Itunyoso Triqui is spoken by approximately 2,750 speakers in Tlaxiaco, Oaxaca state, Mexico. San Martín Itunyoso Triqui has vigesimal numeral system similar to that of Copala Triqui.

1. Allomorphy

For numbers 1-6 and 11, San Martín Itunyoso Trique distinguishes counting numerals from quantifiers. The morphological reversal, /h/ is conditioned by the 1st person singular enclitic (DiCanio, 2010), but also occurs as a marker of nominal derivation with certain quantifiers.

Table 2. Morphological Reversal in Numeral Morphology

ŋɡoh¹³          ‘one       ŋɡoh¹³                       ‘one (pron.)’

ββih²           ‘two’      ββi¹³                          ‘two (pron.)’

βa²ʔnih²       ‘three’    βa¹ʔni³                       ‘three (pron.)’

kə̃²ʔə̃²          ‘four’      kə̃¹ʔə̃³                        ‘four (pron.)’

ũʔ²               ‘five’      ũ¹ʔũh³                        ‘five (pron.)’

βa²tə̃h²         ‘six’       βa¹tə̃h³                       ‘six (pron.)’

t͡ʃə̃¹              ‘eleven’   t͡ʃə̃²                           ‘eleven (pron.)’

Numerals with a coda /h/ undergo /h/ deletion when they are nominalized. If a numeral does not have a coda /h/, it undergoes /h/ addition when it is nominalized. While this morphological reversal is similar to the process which occurs with the 1st person singular, 1, 2 the reversal here is independent from tonal patterns in derivation. All underived quantifiers carry tone /13/, while all derived forms carry tone /2/. With the exception of /t͡ʃə̃¹/ ‘eleven’, which undergoes a nominal tonal derivation /1/ > /2/, no numeral above six undergoes any explicit morphophonological change when nominalized.

References

DiCanio, C. (2010). The Structure of the San Martín Itunyoso Trique Word. manuscript.