Language name and locationː Shawnee, Oklahoma, USA [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 沙瓦尼语, 美国奥克拉荷马州中部及东北部地区

 

1. nekoti

21.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-nekoti

2. niˑʃwi

22.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-niˑʃwi

3. nθwi

23.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-nθwi

4. njeˑwi

24.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-njeˑwi

5. njaˑlanwi

25.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-njaˑlanwi

6. nekotwaʔθwi

26.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-nekotwaʔθwi

7. niˑʃwaʔθwi

27.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-niˑʃwaʔθwi

8. nθwaˑʃkθwi

28.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-nθwaˑʃkθwi

9. tʃaˑkatθwi

29.  niˑʃwaˑpitaki-kite-tʃaˑkatθwi

10. metaʔθwi

30.  nθwaˑpitaki

11. metaʔθwi-kite-nekoti

40.  njeˑwaˑpitaki

12. metaʔθwi-kite-niˑʃwi

50.  njaˑlanwaˑpitaki

13. metaʔθwi-kite-nθwi

60.  nekotwaˑʃi *

14. metaʔθwi-kite-njeˑwi

70.  niˑʃwaˑʃi *

15. metaʔθwi-kite-njaˑlanwi

80.  nθwaˑʃi *

16. metaʔθwi-kite-nekotwaʔθwi

90.  tʃaˑka *

17. metaʔθwi-kite-niˑʃwaʔθwi

100. tepeˑwe

18. metaʔθwi-kite-nθwaˑʃkθwi

200. niˑʃene tepeˑwe

19. metaʔθwi-kite-tʃaˑkatθwi

1000. metaʔθene tepeˑwe

20. niˑʃwaˑpitaki

2000. niˑʃene-meteʔθene tepeˑwe

 

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. David Costa,Department of linguistics, University of California at Berkeley, USA, November 16, 2008.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. David Costa, 2008 年 11 月 16 日.

 

Other comments: Shawnee is a moribund language spoken by approximately 260 speakers out of 2,000 to 8,000 ethnic population in Oklahoma: central and northeast, United States. Shawnee has a decimal system. However, the formations for 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 are different from those of other tensː 20, 30 and 40. This is a famous irregularity in the historical development of the higher numbers in Shawnee that linguists have known about for some time.

Shawnee Consonant Chart

 

Labial

 Interdental Alveolar

Alveopalatal

Palatal

Velar

 glottal
Plosive    p        t       k  

Affricative

 

    

č (tʃ)

 

 

  

Fricative

 

    θ

 

š (ʃ)

 

 

    h
Nasal

m

      n

Lateral        l

Approximant

w

    

 

 y (j)

 

  

Note that glottal stop is in complementary distribution with h; this phoneme appears
as [h] word-initially, as glottal stop elsewhere. Also, š is alveolar [s] for some dialects.)

Shawnee Vowel Chart:

 

Front

Central

Back

High

 i , iː

 

         

Mid

e, eː

         

o, oː

 Low

 

  a, aː

 

Shawnee has four short vowels, /i e a o/ (where /i/ and /e/ are phonetically [ɪ] and [ɛ]) and four long vowels, /iː eː aː oː/. Note that a raised dot marks vowel length.

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