Kugama / Wã̀m

Language name and locationː Kugama, Adamawa State, Nigeria [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 库加马语 (瓦姆语 Wã̀m), 尼日利亚东北部阿达马瓦州

1. ɓíní	21. mī ɓíní ꜜkì ɓíní
2. níīrī	22. mī ɓíní ꜜkì níīrī
3. níꜜsá̰ā̰	23. mī ɓíní ꜜkì níꜜsá̰ā̰
4. níꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀	24. mī ɓíní ꜜkì níꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀
5. níꜜgìná	25. mī ɓíní ꜜkì níꜜgìná
6. níꜜgìtááɓíní (5+1)	26. mī ɓíní ꜜkì níꜜgìtááɓíní
7. níꜜgìtíníīrī (5+2)	27. mī ɓíní ꜜkì níꜜgìtíníīrī
8. ɔ̰́náꜜníꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀ (5+3)	28. mī ɓíní ꜜkì ɔ̰́náꜜníꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀
9. ɔ́ꜜgìnááꜜníꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀ (5+4)	29. mī ɓíní ꜜkì ɔ́ꜜgìnááꜜníꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀
10. kɔ́p	30. mī ɓíní ꜜkì kɔ́p
11. kɔ́p tí ꜜɓíní	40. mī níīrī (20 x 2)
12. kɔ́p tí níīrī	50. mī níīrī kì kɔ́p
13. kɔ́p tí níꜜsá̰ā̰	60. mī níꜜsá̰ā̰ (20 x 3)
14. kɔ́p tí níꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀	70. mī níꜜsá̰ā̰ kì kɔ́p
15. kɔ́p tí níꜜgìná	80. mī níꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀ (20 x 4)
16. kɔ́p tí níꜜgìtááꜜɓíní	90. mī níꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀ kì kɔ́p
17. kɔ́p tí níꜜgìtíníīrī	100. mī níꜜgìná, (20 x 5), 200. mī kɔ́p
18. kɔ́p tí ɔ̰́náꜜníꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀	400. mī mī ɓíní, 800. mī mī níīrī
19. kɔ́p tí ɔ́ꜜgìnááꜜníꜜhɛ̰́ɛ̰̀	1000. mī mī níīrī kì kɔ́p
20. mī ɓíní	2000. mī mī níꜜgìná

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Lora Litvinova, INALCO (Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (English: National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations), France, November 20, 2023

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Lora Litvinova,, 2023 年 11 月 20 日

Other comments: Kugama is spoken by about 5,000 speakers in Mayo-Belwa and Fufore Local Government Areas of Adamawa State, Nigeria.

· Kugama is an Adamawa language of Nigeria. Native speakers refer to their language by ɲáá ꜜw̰a᷅m or ɲáá ꜜw̰àā (lit.: ‘Kugama / Wam language’). The term Kugama is an exonym.

· Numerals in the table above are provided in the phonemic transcription. Kugama has 25 consonant phonemes and 24 vowel phonemes. Vowel phonemes contrast in length and nasality. Nasalization on vowels is marked by a tilde diacritic under the symbol /a̰/. Long vowel is given with two vowel symbols /aa/. Kugama has three contrastive level tones: High (H), Mid (M), and Low (L). H is marked with an acute accent /á/, L with a grave accent /à/, and M with a level accent /ā/. A downwards arrow ꜜ conveys downstep.

· Kugama has a vigesimal counting system with elements of quinary and decimal systems. Higher cardinal numerals are formed by means of arithmetic operations of addition and multiplication.

· Data provided in this questionnaire is part of the PhD research of Litvinova (2023). More information can be found in: Litvinova, Lora. 2023. A grammatical analysis and documentation of Kugama, an Adamawa language of Nigeria. Paris: INALCO PhD thesis.

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