Nyesam-Kpasham

Language name and locationː Nyesam, Adamawa State, Nigeria [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 涅桑语 (克帕桑语 Kpasham), 尼日利亚东北部阿达马瓦州

1. ɓíní	21. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ ɓíní
2. íé	22. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ íé
3. tád	23. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ tád
4. nād	24. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ nād
5. nóŋ	25. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ nóŋ
6. nāɓíní (5+1)	26. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ nāɓíní
7. nāk͡píē (5+2)	27. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ nāk͡píē
8. nātád (5+3)	28. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ nātád
9. nānād (5+4)	29. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ nānād
10. kób	30. ké ɓíní ɲáŋ kóp
11. (kób) ɲáŋ ɓínì	40. ká íé (20 x 2)
12. kób ɲáŋ íé	50. ká íé ɲáŋ kóp
13. kób ɲáŋ tád	60. ká-tád (20 x 3)
14. kób ɲáŋ nád	70. ká tád ɲāŋ kóp
15. kób ɲáŋ nóŋ	80. ká nād (20 x 4)
16. kób ɲáŋ náɓíní	90. ká nād ɲāŋ kōp
17. kób ɲáŋ nák͡píe	100. ká nṍŋ (20 x 5)
18. kób ɲáŋ nātád	200. ká nṍŋ íé (20 x 5 x 2)
19. kób ɲáŋ nānād	1000. kóbkób tām kób
20. ké / ké ɓíní	2000.

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Eveling Villa, Langage, langues et cultures d'Afrique noire (LLACAN), CNRS Délégation Paris-Villejuif, France, September 11, 2018, December 15, 2021

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Eveling Villa, 2018 年 9 月 11 日, 2021 年 12 月 15 日

Other comments: Nyesam (pbn), (Kpashan or Kpasham), has a quinary-vigesimal numeral system similar. Nyesm is spoken in Adamawa state, Nigeria.Taxonomically, Nyesam has three basic counting system or units upon which numerals are constructed: quinary (or 5-based), decimal (or 10-based), and vigesimal (or 20-based). Numbers one to five (1-5) are the only monomorphemic forms that recur and assist in the derivation of higher numerals along with the stems nā- ‘five units’ (this stem originated from ná ‘hand’ (one hand =five units); kób ‘ten/ten units’, and kV́ (ká⁓ké) ‘twenty/twenty units’. The vowel of kV́ harmonizes with the vowel of the following stem, i.e., ké surfaces when followed by a stem with a high-front vowel while ká appears anywhere else. Single-value numerals six to nine (6-9) are formed with the addition of the form nā- ‘five units’ and any other available underived number that adds to the desired figure, e.g., nā-tád ‘eight’ where nā is juxta-posed to number ‘three’. N.B. numerals six to nine are not formed with the morpheme nóŋ, ‘five’, which is used as a regular numeral form.

Nyesam has a total of 26 consonant phonemes summarized in

REF _Ref33009059 \h \* MERGEFORMAT Table 1. Marginal phonemes are enclosed in brackets.

Tabel1ː Nyesam Consonantal Phonemesː

N.Bː marginal phonemes in brackets

	Bilabial	Labial-dental	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Labio velar	Glottal
Plosives	p/b		t/d		k/ɡ	k͡p/ɡ̩͡b
Implosives	ɓ		ɗ
Fricatives		f/v	s/z	(ʃ)			h
Affricate				(d͡ʒ)
Nasals	m		n	ɲ	ŋ
Flaps		(ⱱ)	r
Approximants			l	j		w

Tabel2ː Nyesam Vowel Phonemesː

There are six basic vowel qualities, nasal, and long vowels. The full range of

possible vowels amounts to eighteen.

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i ĩ, iː ĩː		u ũ
Mid	e ẽ eː ẽː	ə	o õ oː
Open			a aː ãː

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