Language
name and location:
Kisi,
Njombe region, Tanzania
[Refer toː
Ethnologue] |
1. jhimu jh = IPA [ʝ] or [dʒ] * |
21. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na / ishilini na jhimu |
2. sibhɨlɨ bh = IPA [β] ** |
22. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na sibhɨlɨ |
3. sidatu |
23. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na sidatu |
4. sina |
24. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na sina |
5. sihaanu |
25. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na siihaanu |
6. sita < Swahili |
26. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na sita |
7. saba < Swahili |
27. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na saba |
8. nane < Swahili |
28. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na nane |
9. tisa < Swahili |
29. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ na tisa |
10. lilonɡo *** limu / kumi < Swahili |
30. malonɡo ɡhadatu / thelathini < Swahili |
11. lilonɡo limu na / kumi na jhimu |
40. alobaini < Swahili |
12. lilonɡo limu na sibhɨlɨ |
50. hamsini < Swahili |
13. lilonɡo limu na sidatu |
60. sitini < Swahili |
14. lilonɡo limu na sina |
70. sabini < Swahili |
15. lilonɡo limu na sihaanu |
80. themanini < Swahili th = IPA [θ] |
16. lilonɡo limu na sita |
90. tisini < Swahili |
17. lilonɡo limu na saba |
100. malonɡo kumi / mia < Swahili |
18. lilonɡo limu na nane |
200. mia mbili |
19. lilonɡo limu na tisa |
1000. elfu < Swahili |
20. malonɡo ɡhabhɨlɨ/ishilini< Swahili |
2000. elfu mbili |
Linguist providing data and dateː Miss Hazel Gray through Dr. Steve
Nicole,
SIL-International,
Kenya, May 15, 2013. |
Other comments: Kisi (Kikɨsɨ) is spoken by approximately 11,000 speakers in Njombe region: Ludewa district, Mwambao division, Lupingu and Makonde wards, Lifuma, Lupingu, Makonde, and Nindi are main villages; Lake Nyasa northwest shore, Tanzania. Kisi has a traditional decimal system but now counting beyond five involves using the Swahili numerals ‘sita’, ‘saba’, ‘nane’ and ‘tisa’. For those Kisi who accept the use of Nyakyusa numerals, counting beyond ten involves counting multiples of tens for decades and adding single digit numerals to this number. Thus, twenty‑five is counted as two tens and five. Swahili numerals are used for the multiples of hundreds and thousands. In counting, class 9 ennumerative agreement is used for ‘one’ and class 10 agreement for ‘two’ through ‘five’. The numeral lilongo ‘ten’ is a class 5/6 noun and so multiples of ten take class 6 agreement. Lilongo appears to be used regularly by the Kisi, but is considered to be Nyakyusa in origin so some Kisi prefer to use Swahili numerals for multiples of ten. Note that
Kisi is not a tonal language, rather it is purely a stress language like
Nyakyusa. jh in the orthography stands for [ʝ] but this can be
pronounced [dʒ] but some, and a very few Kisi will accept [j] as a
pronunciation. bh is [β], gh is [ɣ] and lilongo is [liloᵑɡo] though not
all Kisi accept the use of lilongo as it is a Nyakyusa loan. They
themselves do not seem to have numerals larger than five anymore so
people will either use Swahili for everything beyond 5 or Nyakyusa
lilongo mixed with Kisi smaller numerals to count multiples of ten.
Either way, Swahili is used for numerals 6-9. |
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