Etulo /Utur

Language name and location: Etulo, Benue state, Nigeria [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 埃图洛语 (乌图尔语Utur), 尼日利亚中北部贝努埃州和塔拉巴州

1. oɲiī	21. òsù do oɲiī
2. èfà	22. òsù do èfà
3. èta	23. òsù do èta
4. ènè	24. òsù do ènè
5. èda	25. òsù do èda
6. èdʒi ( 5 plus 1 ?)	26. òsù do èdʒi
7. èdʒafà ( 5 plus 2 ?)	27. òsù do èdʒafà
8. èdʒata ( 5 plus 3 ?)	28. òsù do èdʒata
9. èdʒaānè ( 5 plus 4 ?)	29. òsù do èdʒaānè
10. ìjwo	30. òsù do ìjwo
11. ìjwo do oɲiī	40. ɔŋwusē èfà ( 20 x 2 )
12. ìjwo do èfà	50. ɔŋwusē èfà do ìjwo
13. ìjwo do èta	60. ɔŋwusē èta ( 20 x 3 )
14. ìjwo do ènè	70. ɔŋwusē èta do ìjwo
15. ìjwo do èda	80. ɔŋwusē ènè ( 20 x 4 )
16. ìjwo do èdʒi	90. ɔŋwusē ènè do ìjwo
17. ìjwo do èdʒafà	100. dèri < Hausa
18. ìjwo do èdʒata	200. dèri èfa, 300. dèri èta, 800. dèri èdʒata
19. ìjwo do èdʒaānè	1000. duɡu < Hausa ??
20. òsù / ɔŋwusē	2000. duɡu èfa, 9000. duɡu èdʒaānè

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Benjamin I. Mmadike, Department of Linguistics,

Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Akwa Anambra State, Nigeria, November 22, 2013.

提供资料的语言学家: Dr. Benjamin I. Mmadike, 2013 年 11 月 22 日.

Other comments: Etulo or Utur is spoken by approximately 10,000 Benue state: Gboko LGA; Taraba state: Wukari LGA, Nigeria. Etulo has a vigesimal system, The numbers from 6 to 9 might be etymologically derived from 'five plus one, five plus two, five plus three and five plus four'. There is a lexeme do in compound numerals marks addition and it is roughly glossed as plus. The words for hundred dèri and thousand duɡu are probably borrowed from Hausa with phonological adaptations. As the traditional Etulo counting system appears to be cumbersome. In particular, the non-basic numerals are usually polymorphemic. In Addition, they are derived by series of addition and multiplication processes. The adoption of the decimal counting systems will make counting in Etulo to be less cumbersome. As the Etulo are bilinguals, they also speak Tiv and younger ones tend to use Tiv rather that Etulo. In order words, Etulo is endangered.

Notesː

1. Low [v̀] and step [v̄] tones are fully marked, while high tone is unmarked.

2. There is no orthography for Etuloi, hence the presentation of above data is in
phonemic transcription.

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