Language name and location: Dza, Taraba state, Nigeria [Refer to Ethnologue]
言名称和分布地区德扎 (杰恩语 Jen), 尼日利亚东北部塔拉巴州

 

1. [t͡sɨ̀ŋ]

21. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒít͡sɨ̀ŋ]

2. [bwâŋ] or [bwâjǔŋ] or [jǔŋ]

22. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíjǔŋ]

3. [bwâtə́] or [tə́]

23. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒítə́]

4. [bwâɲə́] or [ɲə̀]

24. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíɲə̀]

5. [bwâm̥mɨ̀] or [m̥mɨ̀]

25. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒím̥mɨ̀]

6. [ɥ̥ĩ̀t͡sɨ̂ŋ]  ( 5+1)

26. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíɥ̥ĩ̀t͡sɨ̂ŋ]

7. [ɥ̥ĩ̀jûŋ]  ( 5+2)

27. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíɥ̥ĩ̀jûŋ]

8. [ɥ̥ĩ̀tə́]    ( 5+3)

28. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíɥ̥ĩ̀tə́]

9.  [ɥ̥ĩ̀ɲə̂]  ( 5+4)

29. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíɥ̥ĩ̀ɲə̂]

10. [bwâɥ̥ə́] or [ɥ̥ə́]

30. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒíɥ̥ə́], 35. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋd͡ʒílǐ]

11. [bwâɥ̥ə́d͡ʒít͡sɨ̀ŋ] or [ɥ̥ə́d͡ʒít͡sɨ̀ŋ]

40. [ŋújùŋ]  (20 x 2)

12. [bwâɥ̥ə́d͡ʒíjǔŋ] or [ɥ̥ə́d͡ʒíjǔŋ]

50. [ŋújùŋd͡ʒíɥ̥ə́] [( 20 x 2 )+10]

13. [bwâɥ̥ə́d͡ʒítə́] or [ɥ̥ə́d͡ʒítə́]

60. [ŋútə́]  (20 x 3)

14. [bwâɥ̥ə́d͡ʒíɲə̀] or [ɥ̥ə́d͡ʒíɲə̀]

70. [ŋútə́d͡ʒíɥ̥ə́] [(20 x 3 )+10]

15. [bwâlí] or [lǐ]

80. [ŋúɲə̀]  (20 x 4)

16. [bwâlíd͡ʒít͡sɨ̀ŋ] or [lǐd͡ʒít͡sɨ̀ŋ]

90. [ŋúɲə̀d͡ʒíɥ̥ə́] [(20 x 4)+10]

17. [bwâlíd͡ʒíjǔŋ] or [lǐd͡ʒíjǔŋ]

100. [ŋúm̥mɨ̀] (20 x 5), 200. [ŋúɥ̥ə́] 

18. [bwâlíd͡ʒítə́] or [lǐd͡ʒítə́]

400. [ŋúɥ̥ə́bwàbwâjǔŋ] ( 20 x 20 )

19. [bwâlíd͡ʒíɲə̀] or [lǐd͡ʒíɲə̀]

1000. [ŋúfè̤]

20. [ŋút͡sɨ̀ŋ] 

2000. [ŋúfè̤bwâjǔŋ] 

  

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Othaniel Nlabephee Kefas, MA in linguistics, Theological College of Northern Nigeria (TCNN), Jos, Nigeria. September 14, 2020. 
供资料的语言学家: Mr. Othaniel Nlabephee Kefas, 2020 年 9 月 14 日.

 

Other comments: Dza or Jen or Jenjo has a quinary-vigesimal system with a single word for 15 [bwâlí] or [lǐ]. 400 is [ŋúɥ̥ə́bwàbwâjǔŋ] and 800 is [ŋúɥ̥ə́bwàbwâɲə́]. This language is spoken by approximately 100,000 speakers in Karim-Lamido, Taraba State Nigeria.

Dza has 31 consonant phonemes. The implosives [ɓ, ɗ] are common in the Bikwin–Jen languages, but swiftly disappearing in Dza. The voiceless bilabial nasal [m̥] occurs as a rare sound in Dza which is not yet reported in other Bikwin–Jen languages. As far as the writer knows, the sound occurs only in the root [m̥mɨ́] for the number ‘five’ and other words related to that number.
Dza Consonant Inventory:
Consonantsː

 

Labial

Alveolar

Palatal

Labio-velar

Velar

Glottal

Plosive

p, b,

   (ɓ)

   t, d,

    (ɗ)

  c, ɟ

 k͡p, ɡ͡b

k, ɡ

k, ɡ

Affricate

 

  t͡s, d͡z

  t͡ʃ,d͡ʒː

 

 ŋ

 

Nasals

 (m̥), m

   n

 ɲ

 

 

    h

Fricative

 f, v

  s, z

   ʃ, ʒ

 

 

 

Approximant

 

   l

 (j̥), ji

ʍ, w

 

 

 

 

 

ɥ̥, ɥ

 

 

 

VOWELSː
Dza has 9 oral vowels, of which 7 occur phonemically nasalized and 6 occur phonemically breathy.
Oral Vowelsː

 

Front

Central

Back

  Close

    i

    ɨ

    u

 

e

 

o

Mid

 

ə

 

 

     ɛ

 

    ɔ

 Open

 

ɑ

 

 

Nasalized Vowelsː

 

Front

Central

Back

  Close

    ĩ

    ɨ̃

    ũ

Mid

 

ə̃

 

 

     ɛ̃

 

    ɔ̃

 Open

 

ɑ̃

 

 

Breathy Vowelsː

 

Front

Central

Back

 Close

   

 

  

 

   

  

   

Mid

 

ə̤

 

 Open

 

ɑ̤

 

 


Language name and location: Dza, Taraba state, Nigeria [Refer to Ethnologue]
言名称和分布地区德扎 (杰恩语 Jen), 尼日利亚东北部塔拉巴州

 

1. tsɨnɡ

21.  nɡwutsɨnɡ ji tsɨnɡ

2. bwənɡ / bwayunɡ

22. 

3. bwatə

23. 

4. bwanyə

24. 

5. bwahmə

25. 

6. hwĩtsɨnɡ  (5+1)

26. 

7. hwĩyunɡ  (5+2)

27. 

8. hwĩtə      (5+3)

28. 

9. hwĩnyə    (5+4)

29. 

10. bwahywə

30.  nɡwutsɨnɡ ji hywə

11. bwahywə ji tsɨnɡ

40.  nɡwuyunɡ (20 x 2)

12. bwahywə ji bwənɡ

50.  nɡwuyunɡ

13. bwahywə ji bwatə

60.  nɡwutə   (20 x 3)

14. bwahywə ji bwanyə

70.  nɡwutə ji hywə

15. bwali

80.  nɡwunyə (20 x 4)

16. bwali ji tsɨnɡ (15+1)

90.  nɡwunyə

17. bwali ji yunɡ (15+2)

100. nɡwunhmə (20 x 5)

18. bwali ji tə     (15+3)

200. nɡwuhywə (20 x 10)

19. bwali ji nyə   (15+4)

1000. nɡwufe

20. nɡwutsɨnɡ

2000. nɡwuhmə kya nɡwutsɨnɡ

  

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Gareth Mort, Wycliffe Bible Translator, Jos, Nigeria. December 28, 2010. 
供资料的语言学家: Mr. Gareth Mort, 2010 年 12 月 28 日.

 

Other comments: Jenjo (Jen) or Dza has a quinary-vigesimal system with a single word for 15. 31 is nɡwutsɨnɡ ji hywə kya tsɨnɡ, 35 nɡwutsɨnɡ ji li, 36. nɡwutsɨnɡ ji li kya tsɨnɡ,
50,000 is nɡwuhmə kya nɡwuhmə pu bwahmə. The above data was in orthography spelling. Phonetic symbols in the orthography, which is as follows: Vowels: a ə e ɛ i ɨ o ɔ u (all except e, o have nasalized equivalents). Consonantsː b ch d dz f g gb h j k kp l m n ng ny p s sh t ts v w z zh


 

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