Language name and locationː Carrier, British Columbia, Canada [Refer to Ethnologue]语言名称和分布地区: 卡列尔语,  加拿大卑詩省斯图尔特湖地区

 

1. ʔiło

21.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ʔiło

2. nanki  

22.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat nanki

3. ta

23.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ta

4. dʌŋɣi

24.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat dʌŋɣi

5. kʷʌlaiʔ 

25.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat kʷʌlaiʔ

6. łkʼʌta 

26.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat łkʼʌta

7. łtakʼantʼi

27.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat łtakʼantʼi

8. łkʼʌdʌŋɣi  *

28.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat łkʼʌdʌŋɣi

9. ʔiło huloh *

29.  nat xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ʔiło huloh

10. xʷʌniz̠yai

30.  tat xʷʌniz̠yai 

11. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ʔiło

40.  tit xʷʌniz̠yai

12. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat nanki

50.  kʷʌlaiʔ xʷʌniz̠yai

13. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ta

60.  łkʼʌta xʷʌniz̠yai 

14. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat dʌŋɣi

70.  łtakʼantʼi xʷʌniz̠yai 

15. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat kʷʌlaiʔ

80.  łkʼʌdʌŋɣi xʷʌniz̠yai 

16. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat łkʼʌta

90.  ʔiło huloh xʷʌniz̠yai 

17. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat łtakʼantʼi

100. xʷʌniz̠yai xʷʌniz̠yai, hönded (< Eng)

18. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat łkʼʌdʌŋɣi

200.  nanki hönded

19. xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ʔiło huloh

1000. N/ A  / ʔiło θauzañ

20. nat xʷʌniz̠yai

2000. N/A / nanki θauzañ

 

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. William J. Poser, Department of Linguistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. March 23, 2008. Referenceː Richard Walker and David B. Wilkinsonː Central Carrier  Bilingual Dictionary
by Francesca Antoine
, Carrier Linguistic Committee, For St. James, BC, 1974.
Yinka Dene Language Institute and the University of British Colombia, BC, Canada, July 23, 2021.
提供资
的语言学家: Dr. William J. Poser, 2008 年 3 月 23 日, 2021 年 7 月 23 日

 

Other comments: Carrier (Dakelh) or Central Carrier is spoken by approximately 400 speakers in British Columbia province: Stuart and Trembleur lake area, Canada.

The above data was taken from Stuart Lake Carrier in British Columbia province, Canada. The Carrier system of counting being based on the number of the fingers of one hand, is quinary. Thus the number six is rendered by a word which refer to both hands, on each of which three fingers are held out while the speaker utters the equivalent of that numberː iłkʼʌta, lit. on, -łkʼʌ-; one another (that is both hands). The same process is restored to for eight, and for nine the Carriers unconsciously conform to the Greek way, sayingː one is lacking ( to have both hands entirely used, that is to make ten).
The numbers after ten are obtained by adding thereto by adding ʔonʔat, plus and the numbers it may be desired to express, thus xʷʌniz̠yai ʔonʔat ʔiło, ten plus one ː eleven.
For twenty the Carriers sayː twice ten nat xʷʌniz̠yai. For hundred, as the expression of traditional way is rather clumsy, the younger generation has adopted the English word hundred, which it pronounces hönded.
As to one thousand, this number was beyond the counting capacities of prehistoric Carriers. Their descendants nowadays use, to express it, slightly corrupted form of the word, instead of the equivalent ofː ten times ten, and say ʔiło θauzañ.
New comments 2021: These are the generic numbers, used for counting most things and when reciting the numbers. There are four more sets of numbers: human - used for counting people and dogs, locative – for places,  multiplicative  - for times (e.g. "we have been there three times)" and periods of time (week, month), and abstract – for abstract things, such as kinds and ideas. The forms used to form the decades are the multiplicative forms, e.g. nat is "twice, two times" and is also used in expressions like "two months". It is clear how larger numbers might be formed, e.g. 2000 = nat wʌniz̪jat xwʌniz̪jat xwʌniz̪jai "twice ten-times ten-times ten", but I never observed these in use and when speakers are asked about them they agree that that is how such numbers would be formed if they were to form them, but "we don't". Current speakers are all bilingual and even very fluent speakers tend to use English numbers when speaking Carrier for numbers of any size or complexity. The notation is Athabaskanist IPA – the "voiced "series are really unaspirated, the "voiceless" series aspirated. z̠ = "semi-voiced z".


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