Language name and location: Yale, Papua New Guinea [Refer to Ethnologue]

言名称和分布地区雅勒 (纳加特曼语Nagatman), 巴布亚新几内亚桑道恩省

 

1. d͡ʒo.a

21.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta d͡ʒo.a

2. te.ɹɛ

22.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta te.ɹɛ

3. ao.na

23.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta ao.na

4. ni.ɹi.na

24.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta ni.ɹi.na

5. to.ba.ɹi  (''to.ba''=''hand'')

25.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi

6. to.ba.ɹi i.ta d͡ʒo.a    (5+1) *

26.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta d͡ʒo.a

7. to.ba.ɹi i.ta te.ɹɛ     (5+2)

27.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta te.ɹɛ

8. to.ba.ɹi i.ta ao.na    (5+3)

28.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta ao.na

9. to.ba.ɹi i.ta ni.ɹi.na (5+4)

29.  te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta ni.ɹi.na

10. uɛ / d͡ʒo.a aɸɛ uɛ

30.  ao.na a.ɸɛ uɛ

11. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta d͡ʒo.a

40.  ni.ɹi.na a.ɸɛ uɛ

12. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta te.ɹɛ

50.  to.ba.ɹi a.ɸɛ uɛ

13. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta ao.na

60.  to.ba.ɹi i.ta d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ

14. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta ni.ɹi.na

70.  to.ba.ɹi i.ta te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ

15. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi

80.  to.ba.ɹi i.ta ao.na a.ɸɛ uɛ

16. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta d͡ʒo.a

90.  to.ba.ɹi i.ta ni.ɹi.na a.ɸɛ uɛ

17. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta te.ɹɛ

 

18. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta ao.na

 

19. d͡ʒo.a a.ɸɛ uɛ i.ta to.ba.ɹi i.ta ni.ɹi.na

 

20. te.ɹɛ a.ɸɛ uɛ

 

  

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Carl R. Campbell, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Papua New Guinea, December 15, 2004.

提供资的语言家: Mr. Carl R. Campbell, 2004 年 12 月 15 日.

 

Other comments: Yale (Nagatman) has a decimal system with a five-base substructure. For most purposes, only the smaller numbers (1-15) are used in the language. To express the larger numbers the people usually use Tok Pisin (PNG trade language). Note that the word ''i.ta'' means ''again''. Yale is spoken by about 600 speakers in 6 villages, west of Namia, Amanab district, Sandaun province, Papua New Guinea.

Consonantsː

 

Bilabial

Alveolar

Postalveolar

Velar

Glottal

Plosive

b

   t, d

 

k, ɡ

 

Fricative

ɸ

      s

 

 

 h

Affricate

   

    d͡ʒ

   
Nasals      m      n      

Flap

   

      ɾ

   

Vowelsː

 

Front

Back

High

i

u

Half-mid

e

o

Half-low

 ɛ

 

Low

   a

 

 Diphthongsː  (both vowels) ː /ei/ /ɛu/ /ai/ /aii/ /ao/ /au/ /ou/

 (semivowel+vowel)ː /iei/ // /ia/ /io/ /ui/ // /ua/ /uo/ /uu/


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