Language name and locationː Saruahá, Brazil [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 苏鲁瓦哈语, 巴西

1. wanzy [wanzɨ]

2. uhwamazy (litː ''two', 'few' )

3. uhwamakiany wanahawadari (masculine) *

4. uhwamazy bujini (litː 'two pairs' / 'only pairs')

5. ibihi wanaharu (litː 'one of our hands' )

10. ibihi aikuwaru (litː our entire hands' )

Linguist providing data and dateː Ms. Adriana Huber, Indigenist Missionary Council CIMI), Brazil. March 26, 2010.Translated from Portuguese to English by Dr. Ronald B. MacDonell, CIMI, Conselho Indigenista Missionário ("Missionary Indigenist Council") of the Roman Catholic Church, Brazil, June 17, 2010.

提供资料的语言学家: Ms. Adriana Huber, 2010 年 3 月 26 日.

Other comments: The Suruwaha people has the following number system:

1   wanzy (I don’t have phonetic symbols on the internet. The letter y represents the

     high central vowel i.)     "one" wanji "just one " (the change zy --> ji happens if a

     person wants to express a value judgement; in this case, wanzy means “1” in a

     neutral way, and wanji means “1” evaluated as an insufficient quantity by the

     speaker (who would prefer that there be a greater quantity). Wanzy is an adjectival

     form of the verb wana(ha)- “to be only one”, a being verb.  Wanzy is used with the

     auxiliary verb na- (wanzy hagwani “she is only one”, present witnessed; wanzy nagi

    “he is only one”, present witnessed).

      Ex: Wanzy ny-hyru kahyzy-nasa-wa

      one   aux.nominalized to be pleasant-neg-remote past witnessed 3sing.fem.
     "To be alone is not pleasant." [accoding to the past personal experience of the

     speaker]
2   uhwamazy "two” "few" (it can be said of a small population: used by the
     Suruwaha to say that they are few persons – only 142 – when compared to the
     Deni people – about 600 persons).
     uhwamaji "just two" (see the explanation about wanji – this phonological change
     does not occur only with numbers,  but also with other adjectives that describe
     characteristics: kahyzy - pretty, ka-kahiji - "how pretty, wow!"...).
     Uhwamazy is an adjectival form of the being verb "uhwama-" (to be two). There
     also existe the forms uhwamari (ex: Mahuny uhwamari – two tapirs; mahuny is a
     masculine noun) and uhwamaru (hakuri uhwamaru – two anteaters; hakuri is a
     feminine noun). -ri is an masculine adjectivizer/relativizer, -ru is a feminine
     adjectivizer/relativizer.

3    uhwamakiany wanahawadari (masculine) "when there are two, one more goes
      beyond " (="three")
      uhwama-kiany wanaha-wada-ri
      two- zero morfeme corresponding to the masculine-when (for a subordinate clause
      with a subject different from the subject of the main clause) to be one-in another
      place - masculine adjectivizer)

      uhwama-ni-kiany      wanaha-wada-ru (feminine)
      two-feminine-when to be.one-in another place –feminine adjectivizer

4    uhwamazy bujini  "two pairs"/ "only pairs" = "four"

5    ibihi wanaharu    "one of our hands" (N.B. "hand", as all words indicating human
      body parts, is a grammatically  feminine possessed noun; i-(bihi) is the marker of
      the 1st person plural; for that reason, wanaha-ru (which is a feminine form).