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Language name and location: Nggem, Papua province, Indonesia [Refer to Ethnologue]
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1. ambit (lit: 'one') |
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2. mberen (lit: 'two') |
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3. henɡɡam (lit: 'three') |
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4. mberen-mberen (litː 'two-two') |
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5. ninɡɡis ambi dinɡɡilik (litː 'my one hand rolled up') |
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6. ninɡɡis ambiva ambi inim dinɡɡilik (litː 'my one hand and one rolled up') or henɡɡam-henɡɡam (litː 'three-three') |
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7. ninɡɡis ambiva mberen inim dinɡɡilik (litː 'my one hand and two rolled up') |
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8. ninɡɡis ambiva henɡɡam eroɡo inim dinɡɡilik (litː 'my one hand and three rolled up') |
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9. ninɡɡis ambiva mberen-mberen eroɡo inim dinɡɡilik (litː 'my one hand and two-two rolled up') |
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10. ninɡɡis penak-penak obok dinɡɡilik (litː 'my hand both sides all and rolled up') |
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Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Paul Anthony Etherington, MA, Applied Linguistics, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, September 18, 2012. 提供资料的语言学家: Mr. Paul Anthony Etherington, 2012 年 9 月 18 日. |
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Other comments: Nggem is spoken by approximately 4,000 speakers in middle Hablifoeri river north of Wamena, Papua province, Indonesia. Nggem has a counting system similar to that of Walak and Wano numerals. Individual numerals are a small set, with just three words that express specific numeric quantity: ambi ‘one’, mberen ‘two’, henggam ‘three’ Other numerals are compounds of these, or clauses, such as: mberen-mberen ‘two-two’ (‘four’), ninggis ambi dinggilik ‘my one hand rolled up’ (‘five’), ninggis ambiva ambi inim dinggilik ‘my one hand and one rolled up’ (‘six’) or henggam-henggam ‘three-three’ (‘six’), ninggis ambiva mberen inim dinggilik ‘my one hand and two rolled up’ (‘seven’), ninggis ambiva henggam erogo inim dinggili k ‘my one hand and three rolled up’ (‘eight’), ninggis ambiva mberen-mberen erogo inim dinggilik ‘my one hand and two-two rolled up’ (‘nine’), ninggis penak-penak obok dinggilik ‘my hand both sides all rolled up’ (‘ten’). As can be seen, these numerals are ‘bulky’, and people typically express a number by indicating with their fingers and toes rather than naming it. Nowadays Indonesian numerals are also commonly used. Note that Ambi ‘one’ is also used as an indefinite article, as seen in the following example: swa yuvut ambi ndan y-ag-ag-i bird hornbill one arrive say-REAL-FPST-3s ‘A hornbill bird arrived.’ Source: Etherington, Paul Anthony. 2002. Nggem Morphology and Syntax, a thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Applied Linguistics (Honours), The Northern Territory University, Australia |
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Language name and location: Nggem, Papua province, Indonesia [Refer to Ethnologue]
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1. ambit |
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2. beren |
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3. kenaɡan |
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4. beren-beren eroɡo (litː '2+2') |
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5. ninɡɡis ambi dinɡɡik (litː 'side hand') |
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6. iteke henɡɡam henɡɡam ? |
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7. ninɡɡis ambi dinɡɡi berein |
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8. ninɡɡis obok berein dik |
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9. ninɡɡis obok ambiat dik |
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10. ninɡɡis obok dinɡɡik |
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Linguist providing data and dateː Mrs. Heljä
Clouse,
提供资料的语言学家: Mrs. Heljä Clouse, 1989 年 |
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Other comments: Nggem may have a counting system up to 20 similar to that of Wano. |
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