Language name and location: Kurtoep (Kurtokha), Bhutan [Refer to Ethnologue]

言名称和分布地区库尔托普, 不丹

 

1. tʰéː

21.  kʰédìtʰéː ~ ŋiço tsací < Dzongkha

2. zòn

22.  kʰédìzòn ~ tsɑŋí

3. súm

23.  kʰédìsúm ~ tsɑsum

4. blè ~ brè

24.  kʰédìblè ~ kʰédìbrè ~ tsɑçi

5. jɑ̀ŋɑ́

25.  kʰédìjɑ̀ŋɑ́ ~ tsɑŋa

6. ɖò

26.  kʰédìɖò ~ tsɑɖu

7. nís

27.  kʰédìnís ~  tsadun

8. ɟɑ̀t

28.  kʰédìɟɑ̀t ~  tsɑɡæ

9. dòɡò

29.  kʰédìdòɡò ~  tsɑɡu

10. cʰé

30.  kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋzòn sumcu < Dzongkha

11. cʰɑ́urì

40.  kʰézòn ( 20 x 2) ~ çipcu

12. cʰɑ́unì

50.  kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋzùm ~  ŋɑ́pcu < Dzongkha

13. cʰɑ́súm

60.  kʰésùm  (20 x 3) ~  ɖukcu

14. cʰéblè ~ cʰébrè

70.  kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋblè ~  duncu < Dzongkha

15. cʰéŋɑ̀

80.  kʰéblè ~ kʰébrè ( 20 x 4 ) ~ ɡepcu

16. cʰéɖò

90.  kʰépʰédɑ̀ŋjɑ̀ŋɑ̀ ~ ɡupcu < Dzongkha

17. cʰítní

100. kʰéjɑ̀ŋɑ̀ ~ ɟɑ tʰéː  cíkɟɑ̀

18. cʰérɟɑ̀t

200. kʰécʰé ~ ɲìɟɑ̀ < Dzongkha

19. cʰédòɡò

1000. tóŋʈʰɑ́ tʰéː ~  cíktóŋ < Dzongkha

20. kʰédì ~ ŋiço(tʰɑmbɑ) < Dzongkha

2000. tóŋʈʰɑ́ zòn ~  ŋìktóŋ ~ ŋìtóŋ

 

Linguist providing data and dateː Dr. Gwendolyn Hyslop, Department of Linguistics, University of Oregon, Eugene, USA. October 9, 2006. March 18, 2008.

供资料的语言学家: Dr. Gwendolyn Hyslop, 2006 年 10 月 9 日, 2008 年 3 月 18 日.

 

Other comments: Kurtoep has an indigenous vigesimal system. However, from 20 beyond, speakers may use the Kurtoep numerals or the Dzhongkha numerals, but the informant said that only uneducated Kurtoep speakers use traditional numerals beyond twenty. The formations for traditional Kurtoep tens are similar to those of Tshangla (Motuo-Menba). The forms cíkɟɑ̀, ɲìɟɑ̀, and ɲìtóŋ are borrowings from Dzongkha. ɲìktóŋ is a Kurtöp innovation, based on analogy with the Dzongkha forms for ‘100’, ‘200’ and ‘1,000’

Kurtöp Phonemic Chart:

Consonants: 

 

labial

dental

retroflex

palatal

velar

stops

p, pʰ, b

t, tʰ, d

ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖ

c, cʰ, ɟ

k, kʰ, g

affricates

 

ts, tsʰ

 

 

 

fricatives

 

s, z

 

ç

 

nasals

m

n

 

ɲ

ŋ

laterals

 

l, ɬ

 

 

 

rhotics

 

r

 

 

 

glides

w

 

 

j

 

aspirates

 

 

 

 

h

 

Vowels: i, y, e, ø, u, o, ɑ

Tones: high and low, contrastive on first syllables following sonorant consonants only 

 


 

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