Language name and location: Haruai, Papua New Guinea [Refer to Ethnologue]

语言名称和分布地区: 哈鲁埃语, 巴布亚新几内亚马当省中拉姆河流域地区

 1.  aɡlŋ; aɡɲəbə

 2.  aɡlŋ; aɡɲəbə followed by roljəbə; rbɲaŋjəbə ‘second’

 3.  wələ ml, 4. kəɲə nɡb, 5. məmd, 6. wraɸ ʨɡb; jŋəsw, 7. mʥ, 8. amɲaɣb, 9. maʨ

 10. məjb; raɡɸd, 11. aɡɸ; ɡadləj, 12. mɡan; məl

 13. aɡɸ; ɡadləj preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

 14. məjb; raɡɸd preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

 15. maʨ preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

 16. amɲaɣb preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

 17. mʥ preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

 18. wraɸ ʨɡb; jŋ əsu preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

19. aɡlŋ; aɡɲəbə preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

20. aɡlŋ; aɡɲəbə followed by roljəbə; rbɲaŋjəbə, the whole preceded or followed by

     adəkjəbə

21. wələ ml preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

22. kəɲə nɡb preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

23. məmd preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

24. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by wraɸ ʨɡb; jŋəsw

25. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by mʥ

26. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by amɲaɣb

27. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by maʨ

28. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by məjb; raɡɸd

29. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by aɡɸ; ɡadləj

30. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by mɡan; məl

40. həwəjlɸ; həbʲɡalɸ followed by kəɲə nɡb, the latter preceded or followed by adəkjəbə

Linguist providing data and dateː Prof. Bernard Comrie, Department of Linguistics, University of California at Santa Barbara, USA, November 15, 2023.

提供资料的语言学家: Prof. Bernard Comrie, 2023 年 11 月 15 日. 

Other comments: Haruai also known as Waibuk, Wovan, Taman, is spoken by about 2,000 speakers in Mid-Ramu District, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.
    The Haruai body-tally system has 23 members. The extended body-part numeral system described above is that documented by Comrie in Aradip in 1985–1986.

    The transcription is phonemic using IPA; consonant clusters are broken up phonetically by epenthetic vowels. Variants are separated by a semicolon, though only variants recorded in Aradip are included, and minor phonetic variants are excluded.

    The numerals 1–12 are the names of body parts or of bracelets worn at the given body part, as follows:

    The numerals 1–11 use the first (usually left) side of the body, 12 is a mid-point, 13-23 use the second side of the body, marked by [adəkjəbə] ‘of this side’; note the order of the fingers of the second hand. A “return” pass across the body, marked by [həwəjlɸ] or [həbʲɡalɸ] ‘returning’, gives expressions for 24–41; the order of body sides is reversed with respect to the preceding pass. Note that the first pass across the body has 23 members, the second and subsequent passes 18 each. Third and subsequent passes are possible by counting the number of completed passes, but were not reliably recorded for this system.

    There is also a restricted numeral system for the range 1–4, as follows:

    John Davies recorded an alternative extended body-part numeral system in Fankfank, and this was rechecked by Davies and Comrie in 2013, as follows:

    In this alternative system, each pass across the body has 23 members. Higher numerals are attested in this system, e.g. [ɸadəkʷə məs məs həwəjljə amɲaɣb] 100, where [ɸadəkʷə məs məs] indicates that 4 ([məs məs]) passes across the body have been completed, and [amɲaɣb] is 8, i.e. [(4 × 23) + 8]. Fankfank [həwəjljə] corresponds to Aradip [həwəjlɸ], [amɲaɣb] is a phonetic variant of [amɲab].