Language name and location: Golin, Papua New Guinea [Refer to Ethnologue]

言名称和分布地区戈林语, 巴布亚新几内亚辛布省

 

1. ta / taran / taranta

2. su / sutan / sui

3. sutakobe (litː ' two one plus') / su ta i  (litː 'two one this')

4. sui sui  (litː ' two two' )

5. sui sui ta i ( two two one this) / anan kole muru (lit: my hand part all')

6. sui sui sui ( two two two) / anan kole muru kole taran (lit: my hand part all, one')

7. sui sui sui ta i  / anan kole muru kole sutan (lit: my hand part all, two')

8. sui sui sui sui / anan kole muru kole sutakobe (lit: my hand part all, three')

9. sui sui sui sui ta i / anan kole muru kole sui sui (lit: my hand part all, two two')

10. sui sui sui sui sui / anan kole kole muru (lit: my hand part part all')

11.* kawnan milin taran ( lit: 'my foot seed one') *( anan kole kole muru)

12. *kawnan milin sutan ( lit: 'my foot seed two')

13.* kawnan milin sutakobe ( lit: 'my foot seed three')

14.* kawnan milin sui sui ( lit: 'my foot seed two two')

15. *kawnan kole muru ( lit: 'my foot part all')

16.* kawnan kole muru  kole taran ( lit: 'my foot part all part one')

20. *yal ta an kawn muru (litː 'man one his hand foot all)

40. yal sutan an kawn muru (litː 'men two his hand foot all)

60. tuenti sutakobe

80. tuenti sui sui 

 

Linguist providing data and dateː Mr. Gordon Bunn, SIL International, Papua New Guinea, May 25, 2011.

提供资的语言家: Mr. Gordon Bunn, 2011 年 5 月 25 日.

 

Other comments: Golin is spoken by about 50,000 speakers in Gumine district, Chimbu province, Papua New Guinea. Golin has numbers ta 'one' and sutan 'two' plus the use of the fingers and toes. The counting system to ten may also be accompanied by a system of equating by bending the fingers to the palm beginning with the little finger on hand, thence proceeding along that hand until the closed hand represents five. The closed hand then begins by holding down the little fingers of the other hands to the palm for six and then proceeds along the fingers of that hand until both hands are closed and held together for ten. There are two alternative systems from five to ten inclusive. One system uses the one-two basis solely and the other uses the one-two systems plus the hands. When the one-two system is used, it is most often accompanied by the equating system.

    The numeral phrases express the numerals eleven to twenty are based on the hands

and feet of the speakers plus the one-two system. To cut down on redundancy the

expression for 'ten' which precedes all these is left out. It should be noted that when one gets into the relatively high fingers above twenty, only round fingers are referred to.

   This basic system has influenced the assimilation of the Arabic numerals into the system. 60 'tuenti sutakobe', 80 'tuenti sui sui'. Because of the loquacious manner the language users in the counting systems, the Arabic systems is being adopted fairly rapidly. 

   As a matter of interest you may like to know that in one situation where the people needed to know exact higher numbers in relation to their pig feast where the had to mark out their obligation to kill so many pigs in return to other  clans they did it by laying out old pig jaws to see who would be killing how many.


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