Reflexive Constructions (Feature 87)
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Feature Annotation
Here we ask how reflexive situations such as “He hates himself”, “He sees himself in the mirror”, “He killed himself” are expressed, i.e. constructions in which the patient (direct object) is coreferential with the agent (subject).
If a language has several different reflexive constructions, you may choose several values.
(Note that typically reflexive verbs like ‘wash’ may not behave regularly.)
Additional remarks
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Values
| Value | Value Annotation | |
| 1 | Expressed by ordinary anaphoric pronoun | The ordinary anaphoric pronoun is used. (He hates him, with a reflexive meaning) Chinuk Wawa Máyka pákpak máyka. [you thump you] ‘You’re beating yourself up.’ |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Expressed by reflexive pronoun involving ‘body’ or body part | A word such as ‘body’, ‘head’, ‘soul’, ‘bones’, etc., is used as a reflexive pronoun, Papia Kristang Eli ja matá korpu. [he PST kill body] ‘He killed himself’; Juba Arabic Úo kátulu náfsa to. [he killed soul his] ‘He killed himself’. |
| 3 | Expressed by reflexive pronoun involving personal pronoun and emphasizing element | English her-self, French lui-même, Tok Pisin Em kilim em yet. [he kill him EMPH] ‘He killed himself.’ |
| 4 | Expressed by reflexive morphology on the verb | |
| 5 | Other | (Please give details in the “General comments” field.) |
WALS No.
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