Complementizer with Verbs of Speaking (Feature 95)
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Feature Annotation
This feature asks about the complementizer used with verbs of speaking such as ‘say’, ‘tell’, ‘ask’, ‘shout’, ‘whisper’, in an indirect-speech construction.
We are interested in sentences with indicative mood like 'She said that the boy did not feel well', not in sentences with directive modality like 'She told the boy to stay in bed'.
If several different constructions may be used with verbs of speaking, you may select several values.
Additional remarks
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Values
| Value | Value Annotation | |
| 1 | Complementizer based on bare ‘say’ | Nigerian Pidgin se: Dèm tel mì se dèm layk mì. 'They told me that they liked me.' ("Bare 'say' " means that the 'say' word is not accompanied by further markers, as in value 2.) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Complementizer based on ‘say’ plus some other marker | Seychelles Creole pou-dir lit. ‘for say’ |
| 3 | Complementizer not based on ‘say’ | Seychelles Creole ki (from French que, no relation to a verb of saying) |
| 4 | Zero complementizer | English I said Ø she was right. |
| 5 | Other | (Please give details in the “General comments” field.) |
WALS No.
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